Formulation and Effectiveness Evaluation of U30ACS as a New Therapeutic Approach to Alzheimer's Disease in Experimental Rats Model

Abstract

Our study aimed to investigate the impact of U30ACS that combines phytotherapy by purslane and bio-nanotherapy by zinc and copper as a new therapeutic approach to physiological and biochemical alterations induced by Alzheimer disease (AD) in rats. For this purpose, thirty males albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into 6 groups (n=5); healthy rats (Control), untreated Alzheimer rats (Exp Alzheimer), Alzheimer rats treated with colloidal solution (U30ACS), Alzheimer rats treated with aqueous extract of P. oleracea (AEPo), Alzheimer rats treated with zinc nanoparticles (ZnNPs) and Alzheimer rats treated with copper nanoparticles (CuNPs). All types of treatments were given to rats orally for 21 days. Alzheimer in rats was induced by oral administration of AlCl3 and D-galactose (200mg/kg) in each for 76 days. Various parameters as neurological, hematological, biochemical and oxidative stress markers were estimated. Histopathology of brain and liver tissues were observed. In in-vitro study on plant and nanoparticles, some quantitative, qualitative and characterization parameters were analyzed using standard protocols.

In vitro phytochemical test results revealed that purslane contains most of the principal active molecules, especially alkaloids of various kinds, such as trigonelline, sildenafil, indole and norharman. In vivo results, the Exp Alzheimer group showed an alteration in passive avoidance learning (PAL) and a significant increase in AChE activity (P<0.01) and protein levels (P<0.001). While, the antioxidant defend system in brain and liver was affected by increasing the MDA level and decreasing the GSH levels, GST and SOD activities compared to control. Furthermore, the hematological parameters revealed that Alzheimer disease induce an inflammation in rats by significant raise (P<0.01) of WBC, Monocyte, LYM and platelet (P<0.001) levels with a significant perturbation in lipid profile and biochemical parameters. In the other hand, histopathological analysis recorded an deep modification in brain and liver tissues of Alzheimer rats group compared to control. However, the treatment of Alzheimer rats by AEPo, ZnNPs and CuNPs ensured a partial amelioration and correction of the previous parameters. While the U30ACS approach was the best treatment that it give, improvement results in most of the studied parameters.

We conclude that the use of purslane and bio-nanoparticles of zinc and copper seems to be the powerful limited of Alzheimer disease development, which opening the new horizons for the use of nanotherapy in medical approach. Where the new approach (U30ACS) relying on phytotherapy and nanotechnology has proven highly effective against Alzheimer's symptoms, which shed a new lite and a new hopes for the possibility of treating Alzheimer’s patients.