JFAS_Vol 13 N 01

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APPLICATION OF STOCHASTIC METHODS (GENETIC ALGORITHM-TABU SEARCH) TO IDENTIFY THE PARAMETERS OF MOHR COULOMB MODEL
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Moussaoui, M
The problem of the choice of the parameters of soil is a difficult task, she requires many experiences. To answer this question, methods of identification of parameters, based on the principle of inverse analysis are developed who consist in adjusting a numerical model on observed experimental data. The objective of this work is to apply the principle of inverse analysis by using stochastic optimization methods (genetic algorithm and the genetic algorithm hybrid with tabu search) to identify the parameters (G, φ) of the constitutive soil model Mohr-Coulomb, from a real case of landslide of the Ciloc city of Constantine in Algeria. The Analysis of the results obtained showed that the best sets of parameters (G, φ) which minimize the deviation between the numerical model and the experiment are found by the genetic algorithm method.
ASSESSMENT OF THE ELECTRICITY GENERATION, DESALINATION, AND WASTEWATER TREATMENT EFFICIENCIES OF A MICROBIAL DESALINATION CELL OPERATING WITH ELECTROLYTE DILUTION AS PH CONTROL MEASURE
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Imoro1, A. Z; Moses, M; Buamah, R
In this study, the dilution of anolyte and catholyte as a pH control measure in a newly developed microbial desalination cell (MDC) was explored. Also, the effects of dilution on the newly developed MDC’s electricity generation, desalination and wastewater treatment efficiencies were assessed against a three-chamber MDC which used potassium phosphate buffer for pH control. On the average, the newly developed MDC exhibited a lower buffer capacity (pH change of 1.73 ± 0.06) as compared to the relatively higher buffer capacity (pH change of 1.49 ± 0.07) of the three-chamber MDC. However, the newly developed MDC produced a higher desalination efficiency of 50.01% compared to the 46.66% produced by the three-chamber MDC and a higher power density of 0.62 ± 0.13 W/m3 than the 0.35 ± 0.70 W/m3 produced by the three-chamber MDC. It’s COD reduction efficiency (63.21%) was also higher than the 42.81% produced by the three-chamber MDC.
CHECKLIST, DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF WILD BEES (HYMENOPTERA: APOIDEA ; ANTHOPHILA ) ACROSS TLEMCEN MOUNTAINS, IN THE NORTH WEST OF ALGERIA.
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Ouahab, Y; Bendifallah, L
Our study concerns the diversity and distribution of wild bees through three sites in the Tlemcen mountains. T he present paper contains a che cklist of 155 taxa with three new records for the Apoid fauna of Algeria. These are Andrena marginata Fabricius, 1776, Anthidium manicatum Dallatour, 1877 and Megachile latimanus Say, 1823. The index study and the statistical treatments applied to th e r esu lts made it possible to highlight the composition of this fauna, its dependence on floral resources and its spatio temporal distribution across the region . The results obtained reveal a high richness of Apoids in this region, the conservation of whic h i s n ecessary in the future as this fauna plays a key role in the pollination of plants and their diversity within natural and agricultural ecosystems.
CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF THE SEMI THEORETICAL APPROACH OF THE HYDRAULIC JUMP IN A RECTANGULAR CHANNEL OF COMPOUND SECTION WITH ROUGH MAJOR BED
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Lacheheb, S; Ghomri, A.; Kateb1, S
The purpose of this study is interested in the semi-theoretical analysis of the hydraulic jump evolving in a rectangular straight compound channel with rough major bed. A functional relationship, non-dimensional terms, linking together the different characteristics of the projection, is obtained.
DETERIORATION OF THE QUALITY OF GROUND WATER IN AGRICULTURAL REGION. CASE MITIDJA (ALGERIA)
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Khouli, M. R; Haouchine, A; Banton, O
In Algeria the plain of Mitidja, famous for the fertilization of its soil, on overuse, is exposed to pollution due particularly to fertilizers and other phytosanitary. The spatio-temporal distribution of the concentrations of major ions, namely nitrates, would explain the transfer and circulation mechanisms of these elements within groundwater .The disparity in nitrate levels shows exposure of the Mitidja aquifer to pollution over its entire extent. The geological origin of the high concentrations of nitrates in places cannot alone explain this distribution. The levels are higher during recharge and irrigation due to the leaching effect of agricultural soils. The use of highly nitrogenous chemical fertilizers in agriculture, compared to the evolution of piezometric levels, causes a significant increase in nitrate concentrations due to their transport from the surface to the aquifer. The subterranean waters of the Quaternary aquifer in the Mitidja show in certain areas concentrations greater than 250 mg / l (Hamiz region in the eastern part of the Mitidja). This high concentration results mainly from irrigation (market gardening).
DETERMINATION OF TRACE RESIDU E S LEVEL OF PESTICIDES IN SOME VEGETABLES GROWING IN ALGERIA BY GC/µECD AND GC/MS
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Mebrouki, S; Zerrouki, H; Belfar, M.L; Douadi, A; Moussaoui, Y
An analytical multiresidue method for the simultaneous determination of various classes of p esticides in vegetables ( tomato , pepper, hot pepper and potato ) was developed. Vegetable samples are extracted with acetonitrile. Final determination was mad e by gas chromatography with µ Electron Capture D etection (µ ECD) for organochloride pesticides . Organophosphorus, pyrithrinoids and other pesticides analysis was carried out by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry in the selected ion monitori ng (SIM) mode. The identification of compounds was based on retention time and on comparison of the primary and secondary ions. Recovery studies were performed at various fortification levels of each compound and the rec overies obtained ranged from 70% to 127 % with relative standard deviations lower than 8 %. The method showed good linearity over the range studied and the detection and quantification limits for the pe sticides studied varied from 0.015 to 0.030 µg.g 1 and 0.05 to 0.1 µg.g 1 , respectively. Th e proposed method was used to determine pesticides levels in peppers , hot pepper and tomatoes grown in multichapelle greenhouses at Biskra region and potato grown at Setif region in Algeria
DIACHRONIC ANALYSIS OF SOIL OCCUPANCY USING REMOTE DETECTION TOOLS IN TLEMCEN PROVINCE SOUTHERN (WESTERN ALGERIA)
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) A ddoun, M; Ayache, A; H ellal, B; A yad, N
The diachronic land use analysis, performed by processing the sensor data , is based on the 10 and 30 year change maps. The dynamics of the vegeta t io n is followed by the application of the NDVI. The gradual and regressive changes in the components of land use reached the rates of 44.78% and 29.21% respectively. The most reduced surfaces are the forest massifs, the steppe area and to a les ser extent th e waters of the saline surfaces (dayet). Cereal crops, urban and mineral areas, on the other hand, have increased in area to the detriment of the natural plant cover. The stability of the studied area recorded only a rate of 26.01%. This rate r epresente d o nly ¼ of the area of the south of Tlemcen region.
DYNAMICS OF WHEAT ROOT COLONIZATION BY ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI UNDER CONTRASTING SOIL TILLAGE SYSTEMS AND ITS IMPACT ON GRAIN YIELD
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Hadj Youcef Taibi, H; Smail-Saadoun, N; Djemel, A
In this work, we investigated the effect of the soil tillage farming system on the variability of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) root colonization of a local durum wheat variety, conducted during five years of experimental trial in a semi-arid region of eastern Algeria. No tillage farming system improved the AMF symbiotic activity from the fourth year of testing with the appearance of high root percentage of arbuscules at tillering and grain filling stage. Compared to that, the conventional tillage was marked by the observation of a high root percentage of vesicles especially at grain filling. Despite inter-annual fluctuations, the no tillage farming system improved the average yield of the five trial years by 20%. Multiple regressions analyses using the stepwise selection method were made to formulate an equation linking grain yield and the AMF symbiotic components specific to each tillage farming system.
THE EFFECT OF STORAGE ON THE NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF ADANSONIA DIGITATA L. LEAVES
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Edogbanya, P. R. O; Abah, G; Yaro, C. A
Adansonia digitata L. leaves are used as vegetables in some parts of Africa. However, the leaves are not available all-year-round, so they are usually harvested, dried, and stored. In this research, the effect of storage on some nutritional components of Adansonia digitata leaves was studied. Proximate constituents, antinutrients, vitamins and minerals of leaves were determined using appropriate methods at week 0 (immediately after preparation of sample) and week 4 (after storage). Student’s T-test was used to compare the means of the various parameters measured at week 0 and week 4. The results revealed that powdered dried Adansonia digitata leaves was still viable as a good source of nutrients after four weeks of storage and some of its nutritional constituents were even improved.
EVALUATION ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGIES IN A SEMI-ARID REGION : CASE OF THE 50 DUPLEX DWELLINGS OF THE EL-MINIAWY BROTHERS IN M’SILA
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Kersenna, S; Chaouche, S; Bencherif, M
This study aims to evaluate the 50 duplex dwellings of the El Miniawy brothers in M'Sila, using methods of analysis of environmental strategies in order to verify their application by the architects in the construction of these dwellings. A duplex dwelling was selected to undertake an analysis using a mixed methodological approach, combining a qualitative and quantitative method, some of whose strategies were evaluated using the EnergyPlus software and validated by in situ measurements. The results showed that duplex housing has been subject to the application of the strategies in question. We therefore deduce that the construction is efficient and that it ensures the comfort of the user and reduces the negative environmental impact. This study could constitute an alternative for architects, building designers, planners and decision-makers in order to encourage them to adopt these neo-vernacular environmental strategies of El Miniawy in the development of similar projects in M'sila, and to launch other projects with a contemporary vernacular character.
EXPERIMENTA L APPROACH TO THE LENGTH OF THE THRESHOLD CONTROLLED HYDRAULIC FLOW IN A RECTANGULAR CHANNEL WITH A ROUGH BOTTOM
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) ouacer, B. N; K ateb, S; Abd Elouahed, B .
The study proposes to examine, by the experimental route, the effect of roughness on the hydraulic jump length in rectangular channel. A comparative study between the characteristics of the jump controlled by a threshold with a smooth and rough bottom is proposed. The results of this research can be applied in the hydraulic load dissipation basins of dams and also in irrigation lines, using the ability of the projection to raise the water level downstream of the flow.
EXPERIMENTA L APPROACH TO THE LENGTH OF THE THRESHOLD CONTROLLED HYDRAULIC FLOW IN A RECTANGULAR CHANNEL WITH A ROUGH BOTTOM
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) N ouacer, B; K ateb, S; Abd Elouahed, B
The study proposes to examine, by the experimental route, the effect of roughness on the hydraulic jump length in rectangular channel. A comparative study between the characteristics of the jump controlled by a threshold with a smooth and rough bottom is proposed. The results of this research can be applied in the hydraulic load dissipation basins of dams and also in irrigation lines, using the ability of the projection to raise the water level downstream of the flow.
EXPERIMENTAL AND QUANTUM CHEMICAL STUDIES ON MOLECULAR STRUCTURE, SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS, NLO ANALYSIS AND HOMO-LUMO OF SUBSTITUTED N-FERROCENYLMETHYL-N-PHENYLAMIDES
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Zegheb, N; Boubekri, C; Lanez, T; Kerassaa, A
This work aims to determine structural, crystal properties and molecular spectroscopy of three N-ferrocenylmethyl-N-phenylamide using DFT method. The computed bond lengths, bond angles and dihedral angles of the titled molecules were calculated and compared with the experimental geometrical parameters, the amount of positive and negative charges using Mulliken charge and the molecular electrostatic potential map (MESP) were also investigated. The theoretical vibrational frequencies were compared with the corresponding experimental data. 1H and 13C NMR spectra were obtained using gauge including atomic orbital (GIAO) method, the calculated and experimental chemical shifts were compared. The dipole moment, linear polarizability and first order hyperpolarizability values were also computed. A study on the electronic properties, HOMO and LUMO energies, were performed by time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) approach.
GROUNDWATER POLLUTION RISK IN THE REGION OF BOUIRA (NORTH CENTER OF ALGERIA): ORIGIN AND CONSEQUENCES ON HEALTH
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01) Rezig, A; Saggai, S; Baloul, D; Dahmani, S
Groundwater is often the preferred source for human consumption, irrigation and industry. In Algeria, many people count on well water for their drinking water supply and irrigation of agricultural lands; especially in ru r al areas, which is a strategic reserve of which quality must be assured. Groundwater protection requires the detection of origins of pollution and its consequences on the ecological system. The region of Bouira has seen water borne diseases occurrence cau s ed by groundwater pollution, which has led us to look for the origin of this problem. It is considered like a high risk area because it has recorded a large number of Toxi food collective, Viral Hepatitis A, typhoid fever and Choléra cases in 2018. The st u dy carried out based on the potential risks to human health and the GIS for a period of eight years (from 2008 to 2015), has allowed us to the elaboration of water borne disease mapping of the whole region and to find that the most affected municipalities are: Bouira, Sour El Ghozlene, Lakhdaria and Ain Bessem .The correlation between these diseases and the irrigated perimeters by wadis is very strong in this municipalities.
IMPOSTERS ANOMALY DETECTION
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Tazerouti, A.; Ikram, A
Over the last two decades the world of cyber security has grown immensely, but despite the state-of-the-art security detection systems and intrusion detection systems (IDSs), unwanted malicious users still find their way around these security measures and gain access to secure systems. This study consists of shedding some light on the security issues in the intrusion detection systems, their vulnerabilities and drawbacks. A hypothesis is proposed to help mitigate these issues and obtain a fast and a more precise method for the detection of different malicious intruders and imposters, study their behavior and make a statistical comparison of data from the used IDSs and throughout the process. This study will state the current available technologies of IDSs, site their challenges and implement a new software-based methodology to increase the detection and reduce false alarm rates for the IDS.
IMPROVING AIR NAVIGATION AT CHLEF AERODROME BY IMPLEMENTING A N EW INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM ILS
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) B oudani, A; ergheul, B; elkheir, B; ttatfa, A
This work presents the study of the improving air navigation at chlef aerodrome by I mplementing a new I nstrument L anding S ystem (ILS) ILS). At present, th e radio navigation systems at Chlef aerodrome can handle the air traffic load adequately (air traffic controllers are able to manage the airspace for which they are responsible ). Nevertheless, in the very near future the traffic load will become so importa nt that it will require the implementation of an ILS beacon. To this reason , we will study the current situation, which is based on a general presentation of Chlef aerodrome (the situation and position of the airspace, and the existing airport infrastructu re ), followed by the choice of equipment to be installed and the method of implenting the ILS system (composition, technical characteristics and arrangements), in accordance with standards and recommended practices. From these results we can find: Implemen ta tion of glide path (GP) on the runway 26 , i mplementation of the localizer on the runway 26, s etting a new equipment DME . The previous systems contribute largely for improving the air navigation at the aerodrome of Chlef
INFLUENCE OF ABSORBER LAYER GRADUAL GAP PROFILE ON Cu2ZnSn(S1-Y SeY )4 SOLAR CELL EFFICIENCY: NUMERICAL STUDY
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Messei, N
The gradual substitution of sulfur atoms (S) by selenium atoms (Se) in Cu2ZnSn(S1-y Sey )4 compounds causes a linear increase in the optical band-gap. For this reason, those compounds are suitable to implement band-gap engineering in compositionally graded solar cells. In this paper, we have worked to take advantage of this feature to enhance the performances of the basic uniform Kesterite and Stannite CZTS1–ySey solar cells. The influence of Tow grading profile was investigated: fully graded (a) and double graded (b). Fully graded Cell showed better parameters than compositionally uniform cells. In Double graded cells it appeared that front grading had a disruptive effect on solar cell parameters. In contrary back grading ameliorates significantly all cell parameters. As a result, the efficiency of kesterite and stannite cells was enhanced from 9.05 and 5.22% to 16.65 and 15.77 % respectively
THE INFLUENCE OF RAMIAL FRAGMENTED WOOD AND MANURE ON SOME PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF A SANDY LOAM SOIL IN CONSTANTINE (ALGERIA)
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Kerrouche, I; Bazri, K.E.M; Trigo.Aza2, D; Behouhou, M. L; Boukria, A; Ouahrani, G.
The objective of our work is to study the influence of the contribution of Rameal Fragmented Wood (FRW) and cattle manure in the presence and absence of earthworms Octodrilus complanatus on some physicochemical parameters of a sandy loam soil such as porosity, carbon, nitrogen and C/N ratio. The study station is located in a semi-arid zone (Constantine, Algeria). The results obtained show that the contribution of FRW or FRW mixed with cattle manure in the presence and absence of earthworms Octodrilus complanatus has a beneficial effect on the studied physico-chemical parameters.
INTEGRATION OF THE HISTORIC URBAN STRUCTURE S A SYNTACTIC APPROACH CASE OF THE MEDINA OF BOU SAADA IN ALGERIA
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Belouadah, N; Mazouz, S
The traditional built environment of the medina of Bou Saada in Algeria is undergoing harmful attacks, due to an accelerated urban dynamic. The latter having impacts on the life of society. In this study, we questioned ourselves on the preservation of this historic center, and its integration into the urban dynamics of the city, through a syntactic study of urban spaces. The results found highlighted the types of urban spaces that exist in the medina of Bou Saada, each one undergoes an aspect of degradation, either by the reconversion of sever al traditional dwellings, total or partial renovation, or, a state of dilapidation. We have found that the characterization of the urban structure is essential to carry out any intervention at the level of the historic centers, in order to assign more prec ise values to the places, according to the appropriate sociocultural and economic requirements.
MODELING THE URBAN SPRAWL EFFECT ON VEGETATION COV ER IN ANNABA
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Saouli, R. A; enhassineenhassine, NN. B; ularbiularbi, O
The environment is related to urban sprawl; it ’s considered as the main threat to the natural city and the destruction of rural area. The aim of this study is to analyse changes on land cover (urban task and forest co ver) in Annaba, using digital image processing techniques and G eographic Information Systems (GIS). In order to analyse land use change and natural resource degradation and subsequently understand the relationship between the two processes , we map ped the u rban stain and the vegetation cov er using multi temporal satellite images on the years of 2000 and 2017 In that case, after observing and characterising the areas altering by the urban expansion, the modeling of the urban sprawl effect on vegetation cov er is realised by the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). The results displayed that; on 17 years; the urban growth of Annaba decreases the vegetation cover by 28.50 %.

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