JFAS_Vol 13 N 01

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GROUNDWATER POLLUTION RISK IN THE REGION OF BOUIRA (NORTH CENTER OF ALGERIA): ORIGIN AND CONSEQUENCES ON HEALTH
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01) Rezig, A; Saggai, S; Baloul, D; Dahmani, S
Groundwater is often the preferred source for human consumption, irrigation and industry. In Algeria, many people count on well water for their drinking water supply and irrigation of agricultural lands; especially in ru r al areas, which is a strategic reserve of which quality must be assured. Groundwater protection requires the detection of origins of pollution and its consequences on the ecological system. The region of Bouira has seen water borne diseases occurrence cau s ed by groundwater pollution, which has led us to look for the origin of this problem. It is considered like a high risk area because it has recorded a large number of Toxi food collective, Viral Hepatitis A, typhoid fever and Choléra cases in 2018. The st u dy carried out based on the potential risks to human health and the GIS for a period of eight years (from 2008 to 2015), has allowed us to the elaboration of water borne disease mapping of the whole region and to find that the most affected municipalities are: Bouira, Sour El Ghozlene, Lakhdaria and Ain Bessem .The correlation between these diseases and the irrigated perimeters by wadis is very strong in this municipalities.
EXPERIMENTAL AND QUANTUM CHEMICAL STUDIES ON MOLECULAR STRUCTURE, SPECTROSCOPIC ANALYSIS, NLO ANALYSIS AND HOMO-LUMO OF SUBSTITUTED N-FERROCENYLMETHYL-N-PHENYLAMIDES
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Zegheb, N; Boubekri, C; Lanez, T; Kerassaa, A
This work aims to determine structural, crystal properties and molecular spectroscopy of three N-ferrocenylmethyl-N-phenylamide using DFT method. The computed bond lengths, bond angles and dihedral angles of the titled molecules were calculated and compared with the experimental geometrical parameters, the amount of positive and negative charges using Mulliken charge and the molecular electrostatic potential map (MESP) were also investigated. The theoretical vibrational frequencies were compared with the corresponding experimental data. 1H and 13C NMR spectra were obtained using gauge including atomic orbital (GIAO) method, the calculated and experimental chemical shifts were compared. The dipole moment, linear polarizability and first order hyperpolarizability values were also computed. A study on the electronic properties, HOMO and LUMO energies, were performed by time-dependent DFT (TD-DFT) approach.
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS ON AIR CONDITIONING SYSTEM USING STORAGE OF COLD , APPLICATION LOCATED IN OUARGLA (EAST SOUTH OF ALGERIA)
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Guermit, T; Settou, N; Bechki, D
T he increase in re frigeration load demand coincides with peak periods of electricity consumption during the summer, representing a peak period of electricity consumption a new challenge, in this configuration, the use of refrigerated storage in residential complexes for red ucing the energy consumption of electricity during peak periods, charging cold storage tanks outside the peak period until they are used to maximum cover the high cooling load, we have chose n a desert area of Ouargla (East South Algeria) to determine the i nfluence of different parameters on energy consumption and to compare the cost of consumption without storage and with storage.
NUMERICAL APPROXIMATION OF BLACK SCHOLES STOCHASTIC DIFFERENTIAL EQUATION USING EULER-MARUYAMA AND MILSTEIN METHODS
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Nwachukwu, O. O
This paper will introduce the Ito’s lemma used in the stochastic calculus to obtain the Ito-Taylor expansion of a stochastic differential equations. The Euler-Maruyama and Milstein’s methods of solving stochastic differential equations will be discussed and derived. We will apply these two numerical methods to the Black-Scholes model to obtain the values of a European call option of a stock at discretized time intervals. We will use a computer simulation to approximate while using the Ito’s formula to obtain the exact solution. The numerical approximations to the exact solution to infer on the effectiveness of the two methods.
POTENTIAL IN VITRO INHIBITORY EFFECT S OF MORINGA OLEIFERA LEAF EXTRACTS ON EXTENDED SPECTRUM β LACTAMASE PRODUCING BACTERIA
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Garba, L; Muhammad, B; Adamu, M.T S. Isa.; Yarma, A. A
Extended spectrum β lactamase (ESβL) enzymes are produced by certain bacteria as a m ech anism of resi stance to β lactam and extended spectrum β lactam antibiotics. Previous investigations have confirmed that M. oleifera contains several bioactive compounds . This study aimed at evaluating the in vitro antibacterial effects of ethanolic and met hanolic leaf extracts of M. oleifera on extended spectrum β lactamase producing bacteria. The leaf ext racts of the plant w ere prepared, screened for bioactive compounds and evaluated for in vitro inhibitory effects against the ESβL producing bacteria us ing agar well diffusion method. Different phytochemical s were detected from the extracts Bot h methanolic and ethanolic leaf extracts showed a high inhibitory activity, which increased with an increase in concentration, from lowest to highest based on the zon es of growth inhibition produced. Amongst the test organisms, Klebsiella pneumoniae was the most sensitive isolate to methanolic extract at 200, 100, 50 and 25 mg/mL followed by Escherichia coli , and then Proteus mirabilis . However, in terms of the etha nol ic extract using the same concentrations as those of m ethanol extracts, E. coli was found to be the most sensitive isolate followed by K. pneumoniae and then P. mirabilis .
WATER WELLS QUALITY ASSESSMENT USING WATER QUALITY INDEX FOR THE PURPOSES OF DRINKING OF M’ZAB WADI REGION
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Benabderrahmane, H; Baba Amer, Z
The prese nt work aims to assess the groundwater quality using Water Quality Index (WQI which can be considered as major factor for cont rolling quality of water with regarded to drinking purposes . Water qualit y index is used to illustrate the general state of water quality in a single number . This study concerns specifically Daia area upstream region of M' z ab valley. Water samples have been collected at eighteen groundwater points in two year s 2016 and 2017. Then, different parameters a re analyzed and compared with Algerian standards for drinking water The hydrochemical study shows significant variations in physico c hemical measurement Also, t he obtained results of the water quality index in Daia region sh ow an excellent ranking with 94%, 88% in years respectively
CHECKLIST, DIVERSITY AND DISTRIBUTION OF WILD BEES (HYMENOPTERA: APOIDEA ; ANTHOPHILA ) ACROSS TLEMCEN MOUNTAINS, IN THE NORTH WEST OF ALGERIA.
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Ouahab, Y; Bendifallah, L
Our study concerns the diversity and distribution of wild bees through three sites in the Tlemcen mountains. T he present paper contains a che cklist of 155 taxa with three new records for the Apoid fauna of Algeria. These are Andrena marginata Fabricius, 1776, Anthidium manicatum Dallatour, 1877 and Megachile latimanus Say, 1823. The index study and the statistical treatments applied to th e r esu lts made it possible to highlight the composition of this fauna, its dependence on floral resources and its spatio temporal distribution across the region . The results obtained reveal a high richness of Apoids in this region, the conservation of whic h i s n ecessary in the future as this fauna plays a key role in the pollination of plants and their diversity within natural and agricultural ecosystems.
INTEGRATION OF THE HISTORIC URBAN STRUCTURE S A SYNTACTIC APPROACH CASE OF THE MEDINA OF BOU SAADA IN ALGERIA
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Belouadah, N; Mazouz, S
The traditional built environment of the medina of Bou Saada in Algeria is undergoing harmful attacks, due to an accelerated urban dynamic. The latter having impacts on the life of society. In this study, we questioned ourselves on the preservation of this historic center, and its integration into the urban dynamics of the city, through a syntactic study of urban spaces. The results found highlighted the types of urban spaces that exist in the medina of Bou Saada, each one undergoes an aspect of degradation, either by the reconversion of sever al traditional dwellings, total or partial renovation, or, a state of dilapidation. We have found that the characterization of the urban structure is essential to carry out any intervention at the level of the historic centers, in order to assign more prec ise values to the places, according to the appropriate sociocultural and economic requirements.
IMPROVING AIR NAVIGATION AT CHLEF AERODROME BY IMPLEMENTING A N EW INSTRUMENT LANDING SYSTEM ILS
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) B oudani, A; ergheul, B; elkheir, B; ttatfa, A
This work presents the study of the improving air navigation at chlef aerodrome by I mplementing a new I nstrument L anding S ystem (ILS) ILS). At present, th e radio navigation systems at Chlef aerodrome can handle the air traffic load adequately (air traffic controllers are able to manage the airspace for which they are responsible ). Nevertheless, in the very near future the traffic load will become so importa nt that it will require the implementation of an ILS beacon. To this reason , we will study the current situation, which is based on a general presentation of Chlef aerodrome (the situation and position of the airspace, and the existing airport infrastructu re ), followed by the choice of equipment to be installed and the method of implenting the ILS system (composition, technical characteristics and arrangements), in accordance with standards and recommended practices. From these results we can find: Implemen ta tion of glide path (GP) on the runway 26 , i mplementation of the localizer on the runway 26, s etting a new equipment DME . The previous systems contribute largely for improving the air navigation at the aerodrome of Chlef
QUANTIFYING THE EFFECT OF GREEN ROOF AND URBAN GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE RATIO ON URBAN HEAT ISLAND MITIGATION - SEMI ARID CLIMATE
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Sahnoune, S; Benhassine, N; Bourbia, F; Hadbaoui, H
Green Roof (GR) is one of the most applied strategies to Mitigate Urban Heat Island (UHI) recommended for sustainable cities. This research aims to examine and evaluate the eff ect of the GR/U GI ratio on UHI mitigation, creating Urban Cool Island (UCI). The study was carried out at Constantine, situated in the East part of Algeria, characterized by a semi arid climate with high summer solar radiation intensity. An urban climate a nalysis was con ducted during the hottest period of the year by means of remote sensing data using ArcGIS 10.2 platform. The results displayed that vegetation, urban density, and topography strongly affect UHI. Furthermore, other finding results in this res earch show that fixing GR/UGI ratio (with 0.0063 reduced the average air temperature by 1.24°C) in a large scale urban area, can reduce the surface temperature by 4.00 degrees of the studied area.
THE EFFECT OF STORAGE ON THE NUTRITIONAL VALUE OF ADANSONIA DIGITATA L. LEAVES
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Edogbanya, P. R. O; Abah, G; Yaro, C. A
Adansonia digitata L. leaves are used as vegetables in some parts of Africa. However, the leaves are not available all-year-round, so they are usually harvested, dried, and stored. In this research, the effect of storage on some nutritional components of Adansonia digitata leaves was studied. Proximate constituents, antinutrients, vitamins and minerals of leaves were determined using appropriate methods at week 0 (immediately after preparation of sample) and week 4 (after storage). Student’s T-test was used to compare the means of the various parameters measured at week 0 and week 4. The results revealed that powdered dried Adansonia digitata leaves was still viable as a good source of nutrients after four weeks of storage and some of its nutritional constituents were even improved.
WATER WELLS QUALITY ASSESSMENT USING WATER QUALITY INDEX FOR THE PURPOSES OF DRINKING OF M’ZAB WADI REGION
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Benabderrahmane, H; Baba Amer, Z
The prese nt work aims to assess the groundwater quality using Water Quality Index (WQI which can be considered as major factor for cont rolling quality of water with regarded to drinking purposes . Water qualit y index is used to illustrate the general state of water quality in a single number . This study concerns specifically Daia area upstream region of M' z ab valley. Water samples have been collected at eighteen groundwater points in two year s 2016 and 2017. Then, different parameters a re analyzed and compared with Algerian standards for drinking water The hydrochemical study shows significant variations in physico c hemical measurement Also, t he obtained results of the water quality index in Daia region sh ow an excellent ranking with 94%, 88% in years respectively
OPTIMUM ENERGY CALCULATION FOR A DRILL HAMMER BLOW RH571 4W
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Souilah, N; Zahzouh, Z
Consumption of raw materials has steadily increased. Rich countries explore several raw materials such as phosphate, ore and copper. For this, exploitations must be large, hig hly mechanized and produce in lar ge quantities to be profitable. Also, the use of drilling means requires good productivity on the one hand and a long service life on the other hand. The satisfaction of these requirements is possible if the drilling method ch osen is suitable for the geological and mining conditions as well as the drilling parameters . The choice of the machine therefore has a direct impact on costs and results. The aim of this work is to ensure a proper exploitation with an optimum energy ca lcu lation for a drill hammer blow taking into account their economic or technical conception characteristics. To find out the energy losses of a hammer blow, the Baron and Ghrainer formula which , has been applied allows us to calculate the drilling speed and to deduce the blow energy. Then, to calculate the energy losses and to extract the optimal values for different parameters, a statistical model of GAUSS MARKOV theorem has been introduced
NON-LINEAR BACKSTEPPING SPEED CONTROL FOR ASIAN ELECTRIC SCOOTER USES
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Chergui, H; Nasri, A; Korhan, K
The electric scooter has become very popular especially in large European and Asian urban areas, thanks to its some advantages. While its popularity is increasing, studies about these electric scooters are also increasing. The main objective of this study is to introduce the design of an autonomy extended electric three-wheeled scooter. For this aim, a model is obtained firstly and it is driven by two BLDC motors placed on the rear wheels independently controlled by a non-linear controller named as Backstepping. Indeed, it contains a powerful electronic differential system to ensure the security of passenger while entering the curved road. The studied model is simulated through the MATLAB Simulink environment where interesting results are shown in results.
VEGETATION AS A TOOL FOR THERMAL REGULATION OF URBAN MICROCLIMATE IN ARID REGIONS
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Badache, H; Alkama, Dj
The city of Biskra is known by its hot and arid climate; its outdoor spaces know extremely high temperatures during t he s ummer period, which affect thermal comfort, well being, user’s satisfaction in public spaces, such as the "Revolution’s plaza" which known by considerable attendance and a particular design. This study, focuses on the role of the urban vegetation on th e th ermal regulation in the open space. The main purpose is to study the effect of vegetation on the urban microclimate of this space “Revolution plaza”, through a site investigation, in order to measure the local climate and compare the results with weath er’s station data. After that, an improvement case is suggested by simulation by Envi Met 4 software. The results show the significant effect of the trees and natural surfaces in decreasing the heat transfer and temperatures degrees; which provides a favor able microclimate in this open space
USE OF GLASS AGGREGATES AS A PARTIAL SAND REPLACEMENT: EFFECTS ON MORTAR PERFORMANCE
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Mechri, L; Saggaï, s; Benlarbi-Oulhaci1, D; Benharoune3, L
The present study consists in verifying the effect of the partial replacement of alluvial sand by glass aggregates on the performance of mortar. For that, a series of mechanical tests (compression and bending) and an examination of the pozzolanic activity were carried out on samples of prismatic shapes (40x40x160 mm3) of three types of mortar: (i) control mortar (cement + alluvial sand + mixing water); (ii) type 1 mortar (AV10) (cement + “90% alluvial sand + 10% glass aggregate” + water); and (iii) type 2 mortar (AV20) (cement + “80% alluvial sand + 20% glass aggregate” + water). The obtained results show that the presence of glass aggregates as a partial replacement for alluvial sand increases the performance of the mortar for an age of 28 days, in particular for the case of AV20
DIACHRONIC ANALYSIS OF SOIL OCCUPANCY USING REMOTE DETECTION TOOLS IN TLEMCEN PROVINCE SOUTHERN (WESTERN ALGERIA)
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) A ddoun, M; Ayache, A; H ellal, B; A yad, N
The diachronic land use analysis, performed by processing the sensor data , is based on the 10 and 30 year change maps. The dynamics of the vegeta t io n is followed by the application of the NDVI. The gradual and regressive changes in the components of land use reached the rates of 44.78% and 29.21% respectively. The most reduced surfaces are the forest massifs, the steppe area and to a les ser extent th e waters of the saline surfaces (dayet). Cereal crops, urban and mineral areas, on the other hand, have increased in area to the detriment of the natural plant cover. The stability of the studied area recorded only a rate of 26.01%. This rate r epresente d o nly ¼ of the area of the south of Tlemcen region.
STRATEGY FOR THE OPTIMIZATION OF THE THERMAL COMFORT OF THE PUBLIC PLACES OF THE SAHARAN CITIES
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Hanafi, A.E; Alkama, D
“Outdoor spaces play a very important role in promoting the quality of urban life.” [1]. According to Hanafi, A. (2010) the abandonment of use of the public place of the city of Biskra, is due to the lack of the thermal comfort, which obliges its users to frequent them occasionally [2]. This article is to seek how and by what means to optimize the thermal comfort of the places as very open urban outdoor spaces and existing, with the objective of creating the shadow within these places, that is to say create a mask against the solar rays that cause discomfort and various skin diseases to people [3]. One will try ; to see the possible solutions relating to the form, to the insertion of the vegetation and water... etc. while seeking the appropriate solution for the public places of the city of Biskra / Algeria, by the combination between the measurements of of the necessary climatic factors “in situ” and the simulation by means of a software.
NUMERICAL STUDY AND PERFORMANCE OF A DEW POINT EVAPORATIVE COOLER FOR BUILDINGS IN CONSTANTINE, ALGERIA
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Abada, D; Rouag-Saffidine, D; Maalouf, C; Polidori, G; Sotehi, O
Due to the ever-growing demand for air-conditioning to bring the indoor air temperature to a comfortable level regardless of the excessive electricity consumption, research is more oriented towards new techniques enabling more energy savings and less adverse environmental impacts. Dew point evaporative cooling systems hold among the most promising because of their ability to reduce the outside air temperature below its wet bulb level while keeping the absolute humidity constant. The current paper aims to report an investigation, which tackles the cool ing cap acity of the system under the Algerian Climate . Constantine city (Algeria) climatic data are retained for the modelling and designing of the system in question. The study involves a variation of its length and air return rate interaction with its ef ficienc y and air temperature supply.
EVALUATION ENVIRONMENTAL STRATEGIES IN A SEMI-ARID REGION : CASE OF THE 50 DUPLEX DWELLINGS OF THE EL-MINIAWY BROTHERS IN M’SILA
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Kersenna, S; Chaouche, S; Bencherif, M
This study aims to evaluate the 50 duplex dwellings of the El Miniawy brothers in M'Sila, using methods of analysis of environmental strategies in order to verify their application by the architects in the construction of these dwellings. A duplex dwelling was selected to undertake an analysis using a mixed methodological approach, combining a qualitative and quantitative method, some of whose strategies were evaluated using the EnergyPlus software and validated by in situ measurements. The results showed that duplex housing has been subject to the application of the strategies in question. We therefore deduce that the construction is efficient and that it ensures the comfort of the user and reduces the negative environmental impact. This study could constitute an alternative for architects, building designers, planners and decision-makers in order to encourage them to adopt these neo-vernacular environmental strategies of El Miniawy in the development of similar projects in M'sila, and to launch other projects with a contemporary vernacular character.

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