تحليل مقارن للممارسات الز ارعية لمحصول الطماطم في منطقتي الواد وتمنراست

Abstract

This research aims to study and compare the agricultural methods and practices for growing and producing natural tomatoes in both Oued Souf and Tamanrasset. To achieve this purpose, we relied on a primary database from a random sample of 60 farms in each region, using the field interview method to collect data on the study variables. The sample included data on 45 variables, 10 of which were quantitative and 25 descriptive. Using descriptive statistics tools, we summarized the centralization and distribution of the data for each variable according to the agricultural region. To assess the homogeneity of agricultural practices between the two regions, we used a hybrid model of principal component analysis with descriptive variables, specifically the Multiple Correspondence Analysis (MCA) model. The variance representation ratio for the first and second axes of this model was 19%, which was significant. Based on these two axes, we analyzed the clustering and homogeneity of farms from the perspective of agricultural practices. The results of the MCA model analysis showed that there is a difference between the farmers of Oued Souf, who use certain agricultural techniques, and the farmers of Tamanrasset, who use different techniques. Farmers in Oued Souf are characterized by an abundance of water and the use of pesticides, while farmers in Tamanrasset are characterized by flood irrigation and local seeds. The second axis also differentiates farmers in Tamanrasset, where the positive group uses drip irrigation techniques and external seedlings, and the negative group uses flood irrigation and local seeds. In general, Oued Souf enjoys high productivity due to the long experience of the farmers and their use of advanced seed varieties that resist diseases and adapt to harsh climatic conditions. On the other hand, Tamanrasset faces several challenges, the most notable being the scarcity of water resources and the lack of farmers' experience with modern techniques. Farmers in Tamanrasset mainly rely on hybrid seeds, which negatively affects biodiversity. Additionally, they prefer using traditional methods for pest and disease control to avoid using pesticides that are harmful to soil health.