النظام الأسري الليبي والفينيقي

Abstract

حظيت المرأة في الأسرتين اللوبية والفينيقية بمكانة راقية حيث برزت هذه المكانة من خلال تقلدها العديد من الأدوار وارتدت وتزينت بما وفرته لها طبيعتها وما توصلت له من اكتشاف. هذا وقد احتل الرجل في الأسرتين مكانة كبيرة وذلك من خلال قوته الجسمية وفكره اللذان مكناه من فرض سلطته على جميع أفراد عائلته والتحكم بها وجعل نظام الأسرة أبويا في أغلب الحالات. أعطي للطفل اللوبي والفينيقي كنية اختلفت باختلاف العادات والتقاليد والفكر الذي تتبعه الأسرة لكن مكانتهم لم تختلف في كلتي الأسرتين وحضوا بتربية ورعاية وتعليم جيد. كما كان الزواج عند الفينيقيين والمغاربة القدامى حدثا مهما وذلك لأهمية نتيجته، وقد مر بمراحل وهي الخطبة والمهر ثم الاحتفال وليلة العرس، لكن ليست كل الأسر تبقى مترابطة فقد عرفت بعض الأسر ظاهرة الطلاق التي تعددت أسبابها وكان قرارها للرجل. كما عرف الرجل في الأسرتين بتعدد الزوجات لكن في الغالب عرف الرجل اللوبي بكثرة زوجاته، وبالمقابل اكتفى الفينيقي بامرأة واحدة في أغلب الحالات. كما كان للأسرتين مساكن استقرت بها وكان الاختلاف واضحا في شكلها، وتغذوا على ما توفر لديهم من مأكولات تحكمت فيها الطبيعة والعقائد الدينية في أغلب الأوقات . Résumé : Women in the Lubyan and Phoenician families had a high status. This status was clearly demonstrated through having many roles and through the way they wore and adorned what her nature provided her and the discovery she reached. In the two families, the man occupied a great position through his physical strength and his intellect which enabled him to impose his authority on all members of his family. This also enabled him to control his family members and to make the family system patriarchal in most cases. The Lubyan and Phoenician children were given a nickname that differed according to the customs, traditions and thought that were followed by the family, but their status did not differ in both families, and they received good upbringing, care and good education as well. Marriage was an important event also among the ancient Phoenicians and Moroccans, due to its important result. This marriage went through different stages which were the betrothal, the dowry, then the celebration and the wedding night. However, not all families remain interdependent since some families used to divorce due to different reasons but its decision used to be made by man. The man in both families used to have many wives. Mostly the lobby man was known for his many wives while the Phoenician one was satisfied with one woman in most cases. Likewise, the two families used to settle in their own dwellings which were different in their shapes, and they used to eat the food that was available to them. The food they used to eat was chosen according to their nature and the religious beliefs they had most of the time.