Study of the effects of a Novel ZnONPs synthesized by biological and chemical methods compared to zinc salts on Cyclophosphamide-induced oxidative stress , immunosuppression and biochemical disorder in Wistar rats

Abstract

There are many substances that are used in chemotherapy anti-cancer, including cyclophosphamide, which is known to be highly effective, but with severe secondary effects. The aim of our study is to evaluate the therapeutic effect of zinc nanoparticles (synthesized with biological and chemical methods) and zinc salt on biochemical disturbances, immunosuppression and oxidative stress (in liver and testis) induced by cyclophosphamide in rats. For this purpose, twenty-five male Wistar rats were divided, into five groups (5 rats in each); healthy rats (Control), untreated cyclophosphamide rats (CPA) (30 mg/kg b.w./day for 3 days), Cyclo rats treated with biological zinc nanoparticles (CPA+AS-ZnNPs) (7 mg/kg b.w./week), Cyclo rats treated with chemical zinc nanoparticles (CPA+K-ZnNPs) (7 mg/kg b.w./week) and Cyclo rats treated with zinc salt (CPA+Zn nitrate) (54mg/kg b.w). All types of treatments were given to rats by injection except zinc nitrate orally for three weeks. Various parameters as hematological, biochemical and oxidative stress markers were estimated. Histopathology of testis and liver tissues was observed. Some characterization parameters and in￾vitro study of nanoparticles were analyzed using standard protocols. Results of in-vitro study proved the formation of nanoparticles by chemical and biological methods, with important antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Results of in-vivo study in rats, show that cyclophosphamide treated rats induced an alteration in immunity cells, hemoglobin, red blood cells, testosterone and biochemical parameters compared to control group. Also cyclophosphamide treated rat’s induced oxidative stress and histological alteration in testis and liver cells compared to control rats. Treatment of cyclophosphamide rats with zinc gave varying results with a preference for zinc synthetized by biological method (ascorbic acid), where we noticed a significant improvement in most of the previous parameters. This study indicated that the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant property of a novel AS-ZnNPs allowed using them to protect liver and testis from the side effects of cyclophosphamide or other chemotherapy drugs.