المساهمة في دراسة تأثير العوامل المناخية والترابية على الخصائص البيوكيميائية لنبات النعناع المائي

Abstract

This work aims to study the effect

of environmental factors on the phytochemical properties of the medicinal plant Mentha aquatica of the Lamiacées family in order to identify the optimal medium for its growth, as we examined in our study of several factors, the first of which is the climate factor, soil and water in the El Taref and Batna regions. In addition to the phytochemical and nutritional side aspect, which included estimating the content of nutritional compounds and the total content of the phenols and flavonoids present in the leaves in addition to the Antioxidant activity of the methanol extract . As the results showed that there is a large convergence in the ratios of the yield of the methanol extract, with a value of 13.62% and 12.82% in both Batna and Al-Tarif, respectively. The results also showed a strong relationship between the carbohydrate content, proteins and prevailing climatic and climatic conditions. Carbohydrates and protein were estimated at 59.6mg / g and 2.29 mg / g, respectively, in the Al-Tarif area, 47.9 mg / g and 0.46 mg / g, respectively, in the region Batna, while fats increased in Batna, the value of 49.4 mg / g, and the value of 31.2 mg / g in Al-Tarif . As for the total estimate of phenols and flavonoids, the results showed a high content in the Al-Tarif plant with a value of (151.67, 132.93) (mg EAG/g ME, mg EQu/g ME), respectively, while it was estimated in Batna (111.07, 22.38) (mg EAG/g ME, mg EQu/g ME) Respectively. Results showed the anti-oxidant activity of the free root DPPH • superiority of the Tarf extract with an inhibitory capacity of (IC50 = 45.32 μg / ml). Whereas, the results of the antioxidant activity of the triple iron ergonomics (FRAP) test showed the superiority of the tarif plant with a regenerative capacity of (EC50 = 146.47 μg / ml). As for the red blood cell hemolytic (Hémolyse) test, the results showed that the Batna plant extract was characterized by the lowest concentration in the 50% degradation ratio, at 411.19 μg / ml. From these results, it can be said that the Mentha aquatica plant is rich in antioxidants that are effective compared to the reference compounds in the three tests. Depending on these results, it could be said that weather and soil factors have a grave effect on the biochemical characteristics of the plant "Mentha Aquatica" and that the perfect environment for upmost growth and abundant production is fertile soil with high permeability and good air flow as well as semi humid climate with moderate temperature and a considerable rainfall.