Prepartion And Charcterization OfImobilzed Camel Milk Proteins On Zinc Nanocmposites And The Study Of Their Efect Against Experimental Anemia InRats

Abstract

This work investigates the preparation of immobilized Camel milk (CM) proteins on zinc nanocomposites (ZnNPs) and the study of their effectiveness against physiological, biochemical, and histological disturbance induced by experimental Anemia in rats. In-vitro study was conducted on immobilized proteins on zinc oxide nanoparticles to characterize and analyze their anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties using standard analytical methods and protocols. In-vivo study, twenty male albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=5); healthy rats (Control group), PHZ Anemia rats (PHZ group), PHZ Anemia rats treated with casein milk protein zinc nanoparticles (CP-ZnNPs group), PHZ Anemia rats treated with whey milk protein zinc nanoparticles (WP-ZnNPs group). Inducing anemia in rats was achieved using the chemical compound phenylhydrazine (40mg/Kg) via intraperitoneal injections. Both types of treatments were administered to the rats using the same route for three weeks (21 days). Various in-vivo study parameters were assessed, including hematological, biochemical, oxidative stress markers and the histopathology study of the spleen and kidney tissues. Characterization results of ZnNPs confirmed a fort immobilization of CM proteins (Casein and whey) with an oval and multifaceted shape, a size relatively between 220 and 390 nm, also an immobilization yield 80.68% for CP-ZnNPs and 63.71% for WP-ZnNPs. On the other hand, results of biological activities revealed that CP-ZnNPs had a higher antioxidant activity than WP-ZnNPs; likewise, WP-ZnNPs illustrated a higher anti￾inflammatory activity than CP-ZnNPs. Moreover, in-vivo part’s results have demonstrated a significant change in comparison of PHZ with treated groups concerning hematological and biochemical parameters along with a significant shift detected in oxidative stress markers which indicates the healing impact of CP-ZnNPs and WP-ZnNPs. Finally, histopathological examination illustrated the complete recovery for the CP-ZnNPs group shown in kidney and spleen sections of rats treated with a partial improvement detected in WP-ZnNPs treated rats. Eventually, the current study confirmed that the combination of Camel milk proteins, precisely casein, and whey with zinc oxide nanocomposites has a potent effectiveness in treating anemia, as well as reducing symptoms due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties.