JFAS_Vol 13 N 02

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POTENTIAL EVAPOTRANSPIRATION ESTIMATE IN NORTHERN ALGERIA
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-01-01) Ladjel, M
The estimation of potential evapotranspiration requires data from measurements on specialized meteorological stations. The objective of this research is to establish a relationship between the values of potential evapotranspiration and air temperatures. Air temperatures are the generating and dominant factor. The research should lead to a simple formula, with the minimum number of parameters, allowing the ETP to be evaluated. The reference data are the values of the potential annual and monthly evapotranspiration, calculated by the modified Penman-Monteith method. On the basis of a suitable grapho-analytical analysis of the dependencies between the values of the potential evapotranspiration and the average air temperatures, we try to come up with a simple formula. The expected objective of obtaining a formula allows the ETP to be determined on the basis of standard temperature data, at any point in northern Algeria and throughout the Maghreb.
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE ENERGY POLICIES FOR BUILDING SECTOR IN ALGERIA AND FRANCE, IN ORDRE TO IMPROVE OUR POLICY
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-05-01) Meftah, N; Mahri, Z L
Energy policy plays an important role in confronting the energy crisis, in particular in the buildings sector which is responsible for 40% of consumption in Algeria and 42% in France, in Algeria the building sector is in full expansion following an accumulated delay of Several decades of lack of housing, committed to an energy policy will allow the preservation of natural resources, in France the objective and reduce their energy dependence and energy bill and allow the money saved to finance other projects and economic activities , it would be useful to compare the energy policies of Algeria and France to find the strengths and weaknesses of each policy,based on the comparison, recommendations were made to improve our policy and tackle barriers to achieve our goals.
A MACROFORM ANALYSIS TO DESCRIBE THE CITY MORPHOLOGICAL COMPACTNESS FACING THE URBAN SPRAWL PHENOMENON CASE OF BEJAIA CITY
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-05-01) Tebbane Bouktit, K; Alkama, Dj
Describing the morphological reality of urban areas is essentia l for any the city ’s sustainability project. Through a comparative analysis based on a series of indices and their confrontation according to the multivariate principal component analysis, we have tried to evaluate from the view point of urban sprawl, the morpho logical compactness of the Algerian coastal Bejaia town. The latter is known to be characterised by physical and natural constraints which influence spatial growth and the process of urban development. The main objective of this article is to establi sh the macroforms classification th at constitute Bejaia city. The configuration analysis ’s results of its urban spots have shown an excessive spread of the agglomeration on the Bejaoui coast, which negatively impacts the city’s sustainability.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, CORROSION INHIBITION OF MILD STEEL BY TWO SCHIFF BASES IN HCL AND DENSITY FUNCTIONAL THEORY STUDIES
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-05-01) Madani, A; Sibous, L; Bentouhami, E
In this study, two Schiff bases namely (E,E)-N,N’-biphenyl-4-4’diylbis[1-(furan-2-yl)methanimine] (BEFu) and3-[(Z)-N(4’-aminobiphenyl-4yl)ethanimidoyl]-2-hydroy-6-methyl-4H-pyran-4-one (BEDh) have been synthesized and characterized using UV-visible, FTIR, and NMR techniques. The corrosion inhibition study of BEFu and BEDh was investigated for mild steel corrosion in 1M hydrochloric acid medium using weight loss method, potentiodynamic polarization, EIS techniques, and Density Functional Theory (DFT). The results showed that the inhibition efficiency increasing with concentration and revealing a mixed-type inhibitor of predominantly anodic type. To explain the inhibition abilities of those molecules adsorbed on the mild steel surface, quantum chemical calculations have been performed using DFT. The HOMO and LUMO energies were calculated to determine the global reactivity indexes. The experimental and theoretical results were in good agreement
THE EFFECT OF BUILDING HEIGHTS ON OUTDOOR WIND ENVIRONMENT OF THE RESIDENTIAL SECTOR / CAS OF EL EULMA CITY, Algeria
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-05-01) Boudoukha, A; Zemmouri, N
The residential open spaces microclimate especially the wind environment, is widely affected by its surrounding buildings. This paper aims to assess the influence of residential buildings on urban microclimate in the North Est region of Algeria. This assessment performed using the in-situ measurements of different microclimate’s settings, during summer and winter. Comparing between two existing city housing blocks, the present study showed that, the higher one result lower temperatures outdoor spaces in winter and summer. Furthermore, the passage under the building improves the accessibility, the ventilation in the inside corner of the city block, but may increase the wind speed so it causes pedestrians discomfort and safety issues.
THE INFLUENCE OF RADICAL N, O AND O3 IN THE REDUCTION OF NITROGEN OXIDES IN A CORONA DISCHARGE
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-05-01) Ferouani, A. K; Lemerini, M; Sahlaoui, M; Khaldi, M.F.Z; Boumellah, Y; Askri, S
T his work presents a chemical kinetic analysis of different species involved in nitrogen oxygen mixed gas by a Corona Discharge ( at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. This study takes into account 20 di fferent chemical species reacting following 1 5 0 selected chemicals reactions. The reaction rate coefficients are taken from the literature and the density is analyzed by the continuity equation without the diffusion term. Many work s have study removal NO x and they have showing the role of N, O and O 3 radicals. So the aim of this simulation is to complete these studies by analyse of various plasma species under different reduced electric field: 100  200 Td. We analyse especially, the tempor al depopulation rate evolution (10 9 10 3 s) of NO x . We have found that the rate depopulation of NO and NO 2 is substantially affected by the reduced electric field rise from the initial value of 100 Td up to 200 Td. Thus, we have obtained in our sim ulation 2% of NO removal fo r 100 Td against 96% for 200 T d . This allows us the important role played by the reduced electric field.
Cr(III) and Cr (VI) REMOVAL FROM WASTE WATER BY AMBERLITE IRN150
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-05-01) Bounab, N. A; Boukhalfa, C
The aim of this work is the use of Amberlite IRN 150 resin in the removal of Cr (III) and Cr (VI) from tanning and chrom e plating waste water s respectively Removal experiments were carried out in ba tch Kenitics and equilibrium studies were undertaken using various models The obtained results show that the increase in pH implies an increase of Cr (III) removal in tanning water and a decrease of Cr (VI) removal in chrome plating water. In the two cases , t he exchange kinetics is well described by the second order model . The removal of the two ions by IRN150 is not limited by intraparticular diffusion. The Freundlich isotherm is more suitable for describing Cr(III) removal in tanning water . H owever, in ch rom e plating water , Cr (VI) removal is better described by the Langmuir isotherm.
QUALITIES OF THE GREEN LANDSCAPE IN PRIMARY SCHOOLS, DEFICIENCIES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR HEALTH OF THE PUPILS
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-05-01) Tafahomi, R
The aim of this research is to analyze and demonstrate the deficiencies and opportunities of the green landscape in pr imary schools, Kigali, Rwanda. Despi te the recent research on significant positive effects of green spaces on public health such as mental, physical, and social, the landscape design with green elements has less taken into account as a priority in schools. The methodology of this research wa s based on the qualitative method by applying structured observation, photography, and site analysis techniques. The findings identify that the schools face the deficiencies to apply hardscape, softscape, and interaction of the pupils with the green spaces . Despite the open spaces in the schools for design as great opportunities, the deficiencies of hardscape, softscape, and limited accessibility of the pupils to the green spaces could influence the general health of the users.
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT AND THERMO ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF RECYCLED MATERIALS : LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT APPLIED TO OFFICE BUILDING IN BISKRA CITY , ALGERIA
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-05-01) Dakhia, A; Zemmouri, N
In order to reduce energy consumption of building s and their environmental impacts, it’s important to improve thei r e nerg y performance, and to have and evaluate sufficiently reliable multi criteria tools, to highlight the ir origins , throughout the building life cycle . Such impacts may be resulting from their construction, during exploit , renovation and at the end of l ife Th is work relates to a part of this action and seek s to derive results from a life cycle analysis comparing an office building envelope configuration , located in Biskra , a city south East Algeria characterized by hot and dry climate. Life Cycle A sses ment met hod was applied according to a standardized protocol ( ISO14000 14040)14040), promoting a better understanding of a building environmental impact throughout its life cycle . More , such method, allow s designers to make the most appropriate choice ( recycled mat eria ls, energy systems HVAC ) in relation to their objectives.
WATER QUALITY CONTROL OF THREE SITES AT KEDARRA BARRAGE
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-05-01) Ghemmit-Doulache, N; Ouslimani, N
S tudy aim is to monitor water quality at three sites at Keddara barrage which located on territory of Boumerdes Algeria . Physico chemical, bacteriological and heavy metal analyses were carried out on waters feeding barrage site A, within barrage site B and thos e leaving barrage corresponding to pumping waters site C. Physical qualities of all three waters largely meet WHO standards. Chemical qualities Results showed that hardness is greater at site C . A mineralization with low nitrate, chloride, phosphate and am monium contents. DCO/DBO 5 ratio 3 for all three sites )), indicating that source of water pollution is of organic origin Analysis results of all three samples by SAA revealed traces of heavy metals which confirm good water quality. Keddar a barrage waters are charged with total coliform ba cteria, enterococcus and Escherichia coli, so these waters require bacteriological treatment
OPTIMISATION AND MODELING OF FLUORIDE REMOVAL BY ELECTROCOAGULATION IN A CONTINUOUS FLOW BIPOLAR REACTOR
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-05-01) Benderrah, T; Djedid, M; Naceur, M.W; Benalia, M
In this study an experimental design was employed to investigate the effects of different operating conditions on the removal of fluoride by electrocoagulation with aluminum electrodes. Box-Behnken design was then used for optimizing and modeling the electrocoagulation process and for evaluating the effects and interactions of variables: current density (i, A/m2), flow rate (Q, mL/min), and initial fluoride concentration (C0, mg/L). The proposed model fitted very well with the experimental data. R2 adjusted correlation coefficients (AdjR2: 0.98) for fluoride removal efficiency showed a high significance of the model. The model predicted for a maximum removal of fluoride (95.07%) at the optimum operating conditions (120 A/m2, 120 mL/min and 30 mg/L) after the EC process was 94.76% at the same optimum operating conditions
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE ENERGY POLICIES FOR BUILDING SECTOR IN ALGERIA AND FRANCE, IN ORDRE TO IMPROVE OUR POLICY
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-05-01) Meftah, N; Mahri, Z L
Energy policy plays an important role in confronting the energy crisis, in particular in the buildings sector which is responsible for 40% of consumption in Algeria and 42% in France, in Algeria the building sector is in full expansion following an accumulated delay of Several decades of lack of housing, committed to an energy policy will allow the preservation of natural resources, in France the objective and reduce their energy dependence and energy bill and allow the money saved to finance other projects and economic activities , it would be useful to compare the energy policies of Algeria and France to find the strengths and weaknesses of each policy,based on the comparison, recommendations were made to improve our policy and tackle barriers to achieve our goals.
NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF AN INTEGRATED SOLAR COOLING AND HEATING SYSTEM IN INDI VIDUAL HOUSE IN DIFFERENT ALGERIAN CLIMATES
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-05-01) Halloufi, O; Kaabi, A; Chougui, Md
There is a growing concern about energy use in Algeria. As fast as, building programs developed and living conditions improved the building sector makes big focus as a major energy end user. Main energy needs in build in gs are du e to heating and/or cooling, depending on local climatic conditions and type of building . In this paper the primary aim is to analyze two aspects heating load, and cooling load of an individual house energy consumpt ion in the major cl imatic z ones in Alg eria. The individual house use s heating and cooling solar system. The system performance is simulated using TRN sys program. This solar heating and cooling system incorporates between 89 m 2 and 170 m 2 of flat plate double glazed solar col lectors, which prov ide solar energy contribution during both the heating and cooling seasons; between 13.28 kW and 25.11 k W single effect, water lithium bromide (H 2 O/LiBr) absorption chiller This system is the sma llest solar heating and cooling system in the wor ld
TREND ANALYSIS OF EVAPORATION AND SOLAR RADIATION USING INNOVATIVE TREND ANALYSIS METHOD
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-05-01) Ahmed, M.O; Ogedengbe, K
Analysis of trends in monthly evaporation and solar radiation in the face of climate change gives useful information for better planning and management of water resources. This paper examines the monthly evaporation and solar radiation trend using the recently developed innovative trend analysis method (ITAM). The monthly evaporation trend result shown that 75% of the months indicated decreasing trend with the month of February, March, August and April decreased significant at 0.1%, 10%, 10% and 5% significance level respectively. As regards solar radiation all the months indicated decreasing trend with January, July and October shown a decreasing trend at 5% significant level. By comparing the Mann-Kendall method with the ITAM the reliability of ITAM was ascertained. Hence, ITAM can be effectively utilized in climate change scenarios where useful information is needed for accurate management and planning of water resources.
THE EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERN ON RENEWABLE ENERGY AWARENESS, PERCEIVED BENEFIT AND INTENTION TO USE
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-05-01) Ari, E; Yilmaz, V
Energy use-related environmental and social concerns and problems have led to the development of renewable (RE) energy types such as wind, solar, hydraulic, and geothermal energy. Increasing environmental concerns, as well as public awareness and positive attitudes towards sustainable energy types, have played an important role in this development. The present study investigated the effects of the mentioned environmental concerns on the attitudes towards renewable energy and renewable energy usage intention with a proposed structural model. In the first part of the proposed model, the effect of environmental concerns on the awareness and perceived benefits of RE, and in the second part, the effect of awareness and perceived benefits of RE on the RE usage intention was examined. Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) was used to test the model. Regarding the fitness of the model, the chi-square value was calculated as 141.77, and the (χ2/df) value as 2.36. Analysis results demonstrated that one unit increase in environmental concerns would increase awareness of RE by 0.63 and perceived benefits by 0.51 unit. It was also found that awareness of RE would increase the perceived benefits of RE and that especially the increase in awareness positively would affect RE usage intention.
ASSESSMENT OF THE COMPRESSIVE STRENGTH O F CONCRETE BY THE SONREB TESTS : CASE OF THE POLE MOSQUE OF ORAN
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-05-01) Bousmaha, S; Cheikh-Zouaoui, M; Chergui, S
The non destructive evaluation of concrete is a vital part and an active and interesting field of research which can be a fundamental step in the process of heritageization of contemporary architecture, especially for the n e w large mosques in Algeria. Th e present study consists of the assessment of the concrete structure of the pole mosque of Oran by applying a protocol of non destructive testing of the compressive strength based on the combination of two tests of the SonReb approach; ultrasonic pulse vel ocity (UPV) and rebound index (RN). This method not only makes it possible to check the physical state of the structure, but also to collect the information necessary to predict the possibility of use in the future. The resul t s of the experimental tests ob tained indicate a very acceptable quality of the conc rete of the pole mosque of Oran
THE INFLUENCE OF RADICAL N, O AND O3 IN THE REDUCTION OF NITROGEN OXIDES IN A CORONA DISCHARGE
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-05-01) Ferouani, A. K; Lemerini, M; Sahlaoui, M; Khaldi, M.F.Z; Boumellah, Y
T his work presents a chemical kinetic analysis of different species involved in nitrogen oxygen mixed gas by a Corona Discharge ( at room temperature and atmospheric pressure. This study takes into account 20 di fferent chemical species reacting following 1 5 0 selected chemicals reactions. The reaction rate coefficients are taken from the literature and the density is analyzed by the continuity equation without the diffusion term. Many work s have study removal NO x and they have showing the role of N, O and O 3 radicals. So the aim of this simulation is to complete these studies by analyse of various plasma species under different reduced electric field: 100  200 Td. We analyse especially, the tempor al depopulation rate evolution (10 9 10 3 s) of NO x . We have found that the rate depopulation of NO and NO 2 is substantially affected by the reduced electric field rise from the initial value of 100 Td up to 200 Td. Thus, we have obtained in our sim ulation 2% of NO removal fo r 100 Td against 96% for 200 T d . This allows us the important role played by the reduced electric field.
APPLICATION OF STATISTICAL METHODS TO THE STUDY OF THE SPATIO-TEMPORAL EVOLUTION OF THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF THE SURFACE WATERS OF THE CHERF WADI BASIN. ALGERIA
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-05-01) Bellazi, M. A; Zenati, N; Belahcene, N; Berredjem, Y; Gheid, A. E
The physico-chemical parameters of the surface waters of the Cherf wadi watershed experience considerable variations over space and time under the influence of natural or anthropogenic phenomena. The application of the Kruskal-Wallis test for the comparison of the physico-chemical parameters showed that there were very significant intersite differences for pH, electrical conductivity, bicarbonate, chloride and sodium; as well as significant differences between the dates for all the studied variables. The typology highlighted by principal component analysis and Hierarchical Classification Analysis is linked to the availability of mineral elements by the anthropic activities of variable intensity depending on the sites, is added a natural process of mineralization related to the contact water- rock and throughfall phenomena. Statistical processing also revealed two types of water. The first type represents waters with very strong mineralization with very high sodium and chloride values characterizing the waters of site 5. The second type is marked by strong mineralization with high contents of Calcium. It characterizes the sites receiving discharges coming respectively from certain agglomerations not connected to the wastewater system and from the treatment plant.
A HIGHER ORDER TRIGONOMETRICALLY-FITTED METHOD FOR SECOND ORDER NONLINEAR PERIODIC PROBLEMS
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-05-01) Abdulganiy, R. I; Akinfenwa, O. A; Osunkayode, A. K; Okunuga, S.A
This paper presents a higher order, block implicit, four step method with trigonometric coefficients constructed via multistep collocation technique. The stability properties of the method are discussed. Numerical results obtained disclose that the new method is suitable for the integration of second order nonlinear periodic problems.
STUDY OF THE EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH OF THE RELATIVE THRESHOLD OF THE HYDRAULIC JUMP EVOLVING IN A RECTANGULAR CHANNEL OF COMPOSED SECTION WITH ROUGH MINOR BED
(university of el oued/جامعة الوادي, 2021-05-01) Djamaa, W; Ghomri, A; Khechana, S
The aim of this experimental study is to analyze the ratio of the relative t hreshold of the hydraulic jump evolving in a rectangular channel composed with a rough minor bed. functional relations, in dimensionless terms, as a function of the Fr oude number and of the roughness were obtained. Indeed, for a fixed initial height h 1 , th e increase in the incident Froude number causes both the displacement of the step downstream. therefore, it corresponds to a length Lj of the step and Lr of the roll, as well as a height h 2 downstream of the step and a height S of the threshold.

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