JFAS_Vol 09 N 01

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The Fate Of Water In The Oasis Of Ouakda Between Traditional Systems And Modern (region Of Béchar, Southwest, Algeria)
(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-01-01) Rezzoug, C.; Remini, B.; Hamoudi, S.
One of the subjects that touch the field of environment is undoubtedly the traditional catchment systems and drainage divide in the oasis. The ancestral techniques such as wells chadouf, quanat, Khettara and foggaras have protected the oasis and the man in the past. These techniques were used in an arid middle by the oasis dwellers and resisted to a hostile climate for centuries. In spite of the low rainfall in the region of our oasis, the oasis dwellers of Ouakda through their intelligence, they were able to cultivate their land without disturbing a fragile ecosystem through exploitation of groundwater table thanks to the use of foggaras with the small distance which does not exceed 100 m. But the intervention of modern systems of water catchment like deep boreholes which overexploiting nonrenewable tablecloths and the pumps large capacity, the man has completely destroyed a clean environment. Today, thanks to these pumping, the groundwater level has dropped considerably; soil salinity is remarkable on all the parcels of the old palm grove and the Oued. We try in this Article to study the history of traditional techniques of water catchments in the oasis of Ouakda, to do a comparison between the ancestral systems used in the another oasis in this oasis, to study the impact of the motor pumps on the degradation of traditional systems and detrimental effects (Soil salinity and the phenomenon of lowering of the groundwater) after the use of modern techniques of water catchment.
Tribological Study Of A Bronze Obtained By Sintering Proceeds
(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-01-01) Keraghel, F.; Loucif, K.; Delplanck, M. P.
Friction is a widely observed phenomenon requiring scientific capacity in the tribological behavior of materials. Reliability specialists use language borrowed from the doctors, so they talk about teething, durations of life and death, it is true that the machines as living beings, are born, wear, get tired, suffer defaults and eventually die; That is to say, are reformed, but the comparison stops, because the machines have no nervous system or bloodstream, do not think and feel no pain. Factors that may affect the life, or the factors that affect wear are very numerous: surface characteristics, operating conditions of the lubricant, the atmosphere, and finally the time. In this work we present the effect of speed and load on the tribological characteristics of a Cu 8% Sn bronze pressure sintered self-lubricating mode for two lubricants with different viscosities.
Analysis Of The Phenotypic Variability Of Twenty F3 Biparental Populations Of Bread Wheat (triticum Aestivum L.) Evaluated Under Semi-arid Environment
(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-01-01) Fellahi Z. . . . . . .; Hannachi A.; Ferras K.; Oulmi A.; Boutalbi W.; Bouzerzour H.; Benmahammed A.
This research was conducted to screen and analyse the variability within twenty F3 populations of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) generated by Line x Tester mating design. The results indicated the presence of sufficient variability within and between F3 populations for the eight measured variables, which represent plant phenology, physiology, yield and yield components. Different populations have been identified to improve the measured variables separately. The number of spikes appeared to be the most important determinant of grain yield. PCA and cluster analyses indicated that the Acsad1069/El Wifak and Acsad1135/Hidhab, with a relatively high grain yield, aboveground biomass and 1000 grains weight, are the best F3 populations to improve the productivity. However, Acsad899/Rmada and Acsad1135/Rmada populations were earlier and had a low number of spikes. These populations had also favorable genes for heat tolerance.
The Knowledges Of Traditional Irrigation In The Oasis Of Kerzaz In Southwest Algerian: Legacy And Development
(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-01-01) Rezzoug, C.; Remini, B.; Hamoudi, S.
In the valley of Saoura, the demand for water for irrigation has increased significantly and rapidly, it requires mobilization and rational and intensive use of all existing water sources like the groundwater which are the only source of drinking water supply and irrigation in the region and the protection of the large vein that feeds the Saoura and bearing his name "oued Saoura". Oasis Kerzaz is amongst the the most celebrated oasis and the biggest of valley of Saoura , it now suffers from several impediments to their development as: the scarcity of irrigation water, land abandonment, the silting up, the chunking and the exiguity of agricultural land, the food nature of agricultural activity and incurable diseases of crops.
Study Of The Extraction Of Cobalt(ii) From Sulphate Medium By Using Capric Acid Dissolved In Chloroform
(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-01-01) Slimani, A.; Barkat, D.
In this work we have first investigated the extraction of cobalt(II) from sulphate medium using capric acid dissolved in chloroform and then the effect of other diluents on the extraction process at 25°C. This study aims to understand the behaviour followed by this metal or, in other words, find its stoichiometry at the end of the extraction. This deportment is strongly dependent on many parameters like pH of the aqueous solution, acid concentration and the nature of the solvent. Each one of these parameters will be discussed. Temperature is another parameter that will be studied in this work. At the end of this research, we have found that stoichiometry of Co(II) complex is of the type CoA2(HR)2 (HR is an abridgment of capric acid). The equilibrium constant Kex and the thermodynamic parameters ΔH°, ΔS°, and ΔG° have been evaluated.
Contribution To The Study Of The Biodiversity Of Benthic Invertebrates And The Biological Quality Of Some Rivers In The Watershed Boumerzoug (east Of Algeria)
(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-01-01) Bekhouche, N.; Marniche, F.; Ouldjaoui, A.
The composition of invertebrate communities colonizing the bottom of rivers, called for this reason benthic macro invertebrates, allows characterizing the biological quality of river water.This study focuses on benthic macrofauna of oued Boumerzoug and its two tributaries: Oued El Guareh and Oued Segus. Eleven (11) stations were prospecting object, between December 2014 and April 2015.The six sampling campaigns have identified a faunal population consisted of 7364 individuals, distributed in 106 taxa, with predominance of Diptera and the lack of sensitive polluo- elements (plécoptères). The results of analysis by method " IBGN " reveal poor hydro biological quality in the stations (G1, G2, G3, S1, S2, S3, S4, B1) and bad qualities for stations (B2, B3, B4).
Evaluating Morphological Variability Of Artemisia Herba-alba Asso From Western Algeria
(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-01-01) Maghni, B.; Adda, A.; Merah, O.
This work was interested on the study of the morphological variability of 120 individuals of Artemisia herba-alba Asso coming from three stations in western Algeria , which was assessed through 15 quantitative and qualitative characters. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) results showed significant morphological variability inter and intra-population. This phenotypic variability is explained by a high genetic polymorphism determined at another genetic study that we conducted in parallel on individuals of the same site using molecular markers types ISSR.This study also revealed a large variability within A. herba alba which could help investigation on a large collection of individuals and therefore select the most efficient ecotypes for re-introduction this species in steppes and highlands of Algeria.
The Influence Of Co2+ Concentration On The Electrodeposition Of Znni Films To Obtain The Znni–co Composite Coatings
(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-01-01) Diafi, M.; Degheche, K.; Ben Temam, H.
In this work we have done an experimental study of Zinc- Nickel composite coatings. For this, the influence of the cobalt concentration was the principal object in order to improve the resistance of the corrosion of the coatings, which has been made by electroplating on steel substrates previously treated, have been studied by several characterization methods, as the X-ray diffraction, micro-hardness measurement and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), protection against corrosion properties studied by potentiodynamic polarization measurements (Tafel) and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) to the potential of corrosion free . The parameters wich characterize the corrosion behavior; can be determined from the Nyquist plots. It has been observed that the ternary Zn–Ni–Co alloy is characterized by enhanced the resistance of corrosion compared to the binary Zn–Ni alloys. and the addition of Co in the Zn-Ni increases the micro-hardness, XRD and SEM results and identify any coatings Zn-Ni-Co alloy composition reveals that γ-Ni5Zn21 phase, Co matrix phase and pure zinc phase.
Effect Of Soil Moisture On Trace Elements Concentrations Using Portable X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometer
(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-01-01) Sahraoui, H.; Hachicha, M.
Portable X-ray fluorescence (PXRF) technology can offer rapid and cost-effective determination of the trace elements concentrations in soils. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of soil moisture content under different condition on PXRF measurement quality. For this purpose, PXRF was used to evaluate the soil elemental concentrations for Ca, Mg, Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Zn, P, Fe, Mn and Pb in 60 samples in a perimeter irrigated with treated wastewater (Cebala Borj Touil, North-east Tunisia). Scanning was conducted under four moisture conditions: in-situ, dried soil at 105°C, 40% moisture content soil and saturated soil. All were then compared relatively to dried sample scans. As expected, the relationship between dried vs both in-situ and 40% moisture content elements concentrations were linear. However, PXRF readings from saturated samples were significantly underestimated compared to the measurements on dry samples. Furthermore, soil moisture content caused a significant under-reporting of elemental concentrations compared to the scanning on dry samples. PXRF acted differently for each element following the moisture content of soil. In fact, attenuation coefficient σ of Cr, Fe and Mn were the most affected by saturation of soil samples, whilst Ca, Mg and Ni were more affected for 40% moisture content while Cd, Pb, Zn, Cu and P were affected for in-situ measurements. Correction equations enhanced the error produced by the water influence moisture content and corrected PXRF measurements.
Artificial Intelligence To Predict Inhibition Performance Of Pitting Corrosion
(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-01-01) Boukhari, Y.; Boucherit, M. N.; Zaabat, M.; Amzert, S.; Brahimi, K.
This work aims to compare several algorithms for predicting the inhibition performance of localized corrosion. For this more than 400 electrochemical experiments were carried out in a corrosive solution containing an inorganic inhibitor. Pitting potential is used to indicate the performance of the inhibitor/oxidant mixture to prevent pitting corrosion. At the end of the electrochemical program a file containing all the experimental results has been prepared and submitted to several algorithms. Through a training phase each algorithm uses a set of experimental results to adjust its parameters and another set to predict the pitting potential starting from the properties and the chemical composition of the solution. The prediction performance of an algorithm is estimated by the difference between experimental pitting potential and the calculated one. The order of performance of the algorithms is: GA-ANN > LS-SVM > PSO-ANN > ANN >ANFIS > KNN > RT > KBP > LDA.
Analysis Of A Fully Developed Laminar Flow B/w Two Parallel Plates Separated By A Distance By Using Comsol Multiphysics
(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-01-01) Raza, S. S.
This is a short analysis of flowing water in an infinite channel separated by a distance by using a Simulation Software Comsol Multiphysics. The flow behavior and the interaction with the boundary has been analysed. Wall no slip conditions were set for evaluation purpose. The analysis is a steady state analysis by using Incompressible Navier Stokes Model.
Investigation On Adsorption Performance Of Mesoporous Activated Biomass Prepared From Cocos Nucifera Husk For Harzadous Cyanide Wastewater Treatment
(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-01-01) Yavini, T. D.; Yunusa, M. H.; Atiku, K. G.; Musa, A. A.; Ruth, P. K.
The influence of various factors namely pH, absorbent dosage; contact time and initial ion concentration was studied to identify the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent. The optimum pH was obtained at pH =3 for all the adsorbent. Other physiochemical parameters, ranging from the surface area to the scanning electron microscope (SEM) were studied and indicate that the cocos nucifera husk is a good precursor for investigation on activated biomass for hardzadous cyanide wastewater. Adsorption data were modeled using Langmuir, Freundlich, Temkin, Henry and Harkin Jura equation. Henry with the correlation coefficient R2 0.875 had a better fit than Freundlich which is R2= 0.836, Temkin; R2= 0.875, Langmuir; R2= 0.742 and Harkin Jura which is R2= 0.471 with maximum monolayer saturation capacity of cyanide ions adsorbed per gram of activated Cocos nucifera husk. Equibrium data were best described by Henry model. Kinetic models were also carried out including pseudo first order with R2= 0.969, Pseudo-second order R2 = 0.998, Intra-particle diffusion R2 = 0.909, and Elovich Kinetic model with R2 of 0.814, the kinetic data were best described and seen by Pseudo second order model. It is then proven that the study of the entire adsorbent are most efficient for the removal of cyanide from waste waters and it can be used as low-cost adsorbent for the removal of cyanide ions from wastewater.
Seismic Behavior Of Conxl Connections In Concrete Filled Steel Tube Columns (cft)
(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-01-01) Seyfi Azar, A.; Moradi Shaghaghi, T.
Steel box-shaped columns are suitable structural members for structures with moment frames in two directions, but plate connections have several construction problems, including inaccessibility of inside of columns, welding difficulties, etc. ConXL connections are the new proposed details to reduce these problems. This connection consists of collar flange, collar corner, and collar web extension. In this paper, the seismic behavior of these types of connections is investigated using the numerical method. For this purpose, three samples of ConXL connections without concrete filler, with concrete filler and with concrete filler and stiffener plates inside the column were studied using Abaqus software. The results demonstrated that the ductility of the ConXL connection without concrete filler is more than the two other samples, while the strength of this connection is less than the strengths of the two other samples. It was observed that utilizing stiffener plate inside the column has no significant effect on the strength of the connection.
Phenotypic, Molecular And Technological Characterization Of Autochthonous Lactobacilli Strains Isolated From Cow’s Milk And Goat Of Algerian Populations
(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-01-01) Sadi, F.; Dilmi Bouras, A.; Ghomari, F. N.; Hallouz, F.; Noui, A.
The raw milk is an important reservoir of microbial diversity can have important biotechnological applications, in particular to improve the unique characteristics of dairy products. For this effect, eight strains of autochthonus Lactobacilli have been isolated from goat and cow raw milk of the local Algerian populations (Setifian and Kabyle). The strains were then identified by phenotypic and molecular approaches by amplification and sequencing of 16S rDNA as Lb.casei (C4, C5, V2 and V5), Lb. paracasei (C6) and Lb.plantarum (C7, C8, C10). Virtually all the strains studied, from a technological point of view, produced lactic acid concentrations at or above 0.89g.100 mL-1. Most strains exhibit a high capacity and are actively producing proteolytic proteases in the stationary phase between 24 and 30 hours. The strains studied can be used in the starter cultures or co-cultures for making cheese.
Effect Of Salt Stress On Some Physiological Parameters In Atriplex Halimus L.
(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-01-01) Soualmi, N.; Belkhodja, M.; Adda, A.
The impact of salinity applied for five weeks followed two provenances of Atriplex halimus L. harvested from Oran (Algeria coast) and Ain Dheb (high plateaus west of Algeria). The analyzed parameters are physiological from the leaves of young plants grown in a greenhouse stored in air-conditioned glass. Two types of salt stress are imposed on plants from the 165th day after sowing for a batch CaCl2 + NaCl to 300 meq and 600 meq.l-1and for the other batch to undiluted water sea with a frequency of watering every other two days. The results of water indicators such as the relative water content (RWC or TRE) showed some fluctuation during the five weeks under the two types of stress. Transpiration (water loss from the excised leaf or RWL) measured after 30, 60 and 120 min at the end of the period of application of stress presents a decline in both sources and types of stress. In addition, the stomatal resistance showed considerable variability for both sources and the type of stress.
Backstepping Control Of Three-phase Three-level Four-leg Shunt Active Power Filter
(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-01-01) Badra, M. S.; Barkat, S.; Bouzidi, M.
In this paper, backstepping control for three-level four-leg shunt active power filter (SAPF) system is proposed. The adopted filtering topology requires both a three-dimensional space vector modulation (3DSVM) for controlling the three-level four-leg inverter as well as DC voltage and filter currents control. The regulation of the DC voltage and filter currents is accomplished by backstepping controllers. The voltage-balancing control of two split DC capacitors of the three-level four-leg SAPF is achieved using three-level three-dimensional space vector modulation equipped by a balancing strategy based on the effective use of the redundant switching states of the inverter voltage vectors. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed filtering system in terms of the compensation of the harmonics and the zero sequence current and the operation at unity power factor.
Study Of Genitalia Morphometric Variability Of The Two Species Helix Aperta And Helix Aspersa (gasteropoda, Pulmonata)
(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-01-01) Benbellil Tafoughalt, S.; Bendifallah, L.
Our research aims for, firstly, the study of genitalia morphometric variability of the two species Helix aperta and Helix aspersa, and the relation of this variability with individual’s weight and shell size. Secondly, differences in dimensions of the genital organs between the two studied species were investigated. This study showed, first, the existence of an important dimensional variability of genital organs in both studied species, then, a positive correlation between organs’ measurements and those of weight and shell. Finally, two genital organs, that are flagellum and proximal duct of bursa copulatrix, proved to be interesting to discriminate between the two species Helix aperta and Helix aspersa, because both organs are greater in Helix aspersa.
Groundwater Quality In Arid Regions: The Case Of Hassi Messaoud Region (se Algeria)
(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-01-01) Bouselsal, B.
After chemical quality study, it has been realized that the groundwater of Hassi Messaoud region isn’t drinking one according to WHO and Algerian standards for drinking water. This water is highly mineralized and very hard and its major concentrations are often higher than recommended standards, so it requires treatment before use. The time that irrigation water quality is based on riverside standards (1954), the waters of the terminal complex of aquifers have average SAR values high, these waters arrange themselves in the poor and bad classes. However Continental Intercalary waters arrange themselves in the poor classes for irrigation.
The Evolution Of Shrinkage Strain Of Pet-mortar Composite Eco-materials
(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-01-01) Chaib, O.; Benosman, A. S.; Kazi Tani, N.; Senhadji, Y.; Mouli, M.; Taïbi, H.; Hamadache, M.
Concretes and mortars are subjected to several kinds of shrinkage strains which represent the volumic variations resulting from the cement hydration and are governed by various physical and chemical aspects. The use of polyethylene terephthalate PET plastic wastes which are available in quantity and within low cost in our country yields a very important economic and environmental impact in the construction industry. Thus, we are interested to investigate the effect of PET volumetric additive amounts for cement substituting and for the behavior of the total, drying and autogenous shrinkage. Comparison study of obtained experimental results with codale prediction models were performed according to Eurocode 2 (EC2) in order to analyze the evolution of shrinkage strain with PET-mortar composite ages and for several rates of PET waste additions. According to obtained results, PET additions acts to reduce shrinkage strains of PET-mortar composites which promote the use of these modified mortar Eco-materials in the field of construction industry.
Synthesis And Charcterization Of Diblock Copolymers Containaing Monothio-orthoester Functions Using Raft Polymerization
(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-01-01) Hadjout, S.; Haraoubia, R.; Benabdelghani, Z.
The acyclic and cyclic monothio-orthoester monomers were synthesized by modification of aromatic monomers containing dithioester function in the side chain. Reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization was employed for the preparation of polymers containing a dithioester end as macro-chain transfer agents (macro-CTA) using 4-benzyl methyldithiobenzoate (BMDTB) as chain transfer agent (CTA) and 2,2-azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) as initiator. A series of diblock copolymers were prepared by RAFT copolymerization of MVDTB, MMMS and MVPOCO, using the different macro-chain transfer agents (macro-CTA) and AIBN as initiator. All polymerizations were carried out at 60 °C for 24 or 30 hours in dry THF. Homopolymers and diblock copolymers are characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, IR, SEC, DSC and TGA.

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