Browsing by Author "Kabeel, AE"

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Comparative study of hemispherical solar distillers iron-fins
(Elsevier, 2021-04-10) Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; Kabeel, AE; Abdelgaied, Mohamed; El-Maghlany, Wael M; Bellila, Abdelkader
The ratio between surface area to volume is higher in spherical distillers than traditional single slope distillers. To utilize this advantage, the study measures hemispherical distillers performance. Iron fins have been employed at different lengths and spacing in absorber plate to increase absorption area and transmit heat from hot basin plate to saline water. Three configurations have been tested under same operating conditions. First, the conventional hemispherical distiller without fins representing the reference case (CHSS). Second, the modified hemispherical distiller with fins set at 5 cm spacing (MHSS-IF5). Third, the modified hemispherical distiller with fins set at 7 cm (MHSS-IF7). Fins diameter is constant at 1.2 cm with tested length of 3, 2 and 1 cm starting from the basin absorber plate. Basin salt water is fixed at 3 cm (maximum fin length) during experiments. Results prove that fin utilization is important in performance enhancement. However, fin length effect on performance depends on spacing due to shading effect in distillers. Consequently, the fins utilization improves distiller productivity up to 56.73% with best configuration of MHSS-IF7 with 2 cm fin length and 7 cm spacing. The fins utilization is not costly in the hemispherical distiller with positive enhancement contribution leads to minimum cost per liter of produced water.
Improving the thermo-economic performance of hemispherical solar distiller using copper oxide nanofluids and phase change materials: Experimental and theoretical investigation
(North-Holland, 2022-05-01) Abdelgaied, Mohamed; Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; Kabeel, AE; Zayed, Mohamed E
In the present work, a thermo-economic performance of the modified hemispherical solar still (MHSS) was studied and compared to traditional hemispherical solar still (THSS). The modulations accounted for two additives, namely: paraffin wax as phase change materials (PCM), and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles. Three cases of MHSS were investigated and compared to THSS: (0.3 wt%) CuO nanomaterials were immersed in the basin water, implementing PCM container below the basin, and combining PCM container below the basin plus mixing CuO nanoparticles in the basin water. The basin water depth in all stills was set at 1.0 cm in all cases. Moreover, the thermo-economic performance of the four studied cases was compared and evaluated by determining the freshwater productivity, the daily energy efficiency, and the freshwater cost. Experiments have been carried out on the proposed hemispherical distillers under hot climatic conditions of El-Oued (33°27′N, 7°11′E), Algeria. The results show that the single utilization of CuO/water nanofluid and pure PCM improved productivity by 60.41% and 29.17%, respectively, compared to THSS. While, the dual usage of PCM and CuO/water nanofluid further enhanced the productivity by up to 80.20%, relative to THSS. Moreover, the daily energy efficiencies of the hemispherical distillers under the different studied cases (THSS, MHSS/PCM, MHSS/CuO-water nanofluid, and MHSS/PCM + CuO-water nanofluid) were found to be 35.52%, 45.45%, 56.46%, and 63.61%), respectively. The economic feasibility of these modifications presented that the dual usage of PCM and CuO/water nanofluid is more effective as it reduces the cost of freshwater production by 75% compared to THSS.
Optimal concentration of El Oued sand grains as energy storage materials for enhancement of hemispherical distillers performance
(Elsevier, 2021-04-01) Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; Kabeel, AE; Abdelgaied, Mohamed
The present experimental study aims to improve the performance of the hemispherical distillers via the utilization of El Oued sand grains as sensible storage materials. The El Oued sand grains characteristic by having SiO2, large concentrations of Al2O3, and Fe2O3. These characteristics of the El Oued sand grains make them a good choice in the solar energy storage field especially in solar distillers, as they increase the absorption rate of solar radiation inside the basin in addition to improving the rate of heat transfer. To obtain the optimal concentration of El Oued sand grains that achieves the highest performance of the hemispherical distillers, eight different concentrations of El-Oued sand grains (0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7%) were studied. To achieve this goal, three hemispherical distillers were designed and constructed, the first and second are the modified hemispherical distillers (MHSS) which contain the sand grains with different concentrations, and the third is a traditional hemispherical distiller (THSS) which represents the reference distiller. The experimental tests of the eight concentrations were conducted on four consecutive days, on each day two concentrations were tested and compared to the reference distiller. The experimental results presented that, the concentration of 3% represents the optimal concentration of El Oued sand grains that achieves the highest performance of hemispherical distillers. The accumulative yield of the reference distiller reached 4780 mL/m2 /day, while the utilization of El Oued sand grains with a concentration of 3% improves the accumulative yield to 7270 mL/m2 /day with a 52.1% improvement in accumulative yield. Also, the daily efficiency of the reference distiller reached 39.2%, while the utilization of the El Oued sand grains with a concentration of 3% improves the daily efficiency to 59.1% with a 50.8% improvement in daily efficiency.
Traditional solar distiller improvement by a single external refractor under the climatic conditions of the El-Oued region, Algeria
(Desalin Water Treat, 2020-02-01) Khechekhouche, Abderrahmane; Kabeel, AE; Benhaoua, B; Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; El-Said, Emad MS
Desalination is now successfully practiced in many countries as drinking water supply has become a growing problem in most parts of the world. Algeria, like the Maghreb countries, has generally adopted two desalination processes (membrane processes and distillation processes which require a phase change, evaporation/condensation), the latter method is subject of our study. An experimental study was made on two similar stills with a single slope, size 1 m × 1 m, the first distiller D1 is used as a control and the second distiller D2 has a simple external mirror glued to its backlog. The same experience has been done in different climates with improvement results ranging from 9% to 21%. In our case, a complete study was concerning the improvement, the efficiency, the investment and finally the error analysis of the instrumentations that have not been done before. We obtained a very interesting improvement which varied between 42% and 45%, the efficiency is 35% and the recovery period of the sum invested is recovered in 23 d, which shows that this technique is more favorable under the climatic conditions of the West Southeast region of Algeria than elsewhere.
Traditional solar distiller improvement by a single external refractor under the climatic conditions of the El-Oued region, Algeria
(Desalination Publications, 2020-02-01) Khechekhouche, Abderrahmane; Kabeel, AE; Benhaoua, B; Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; MS El-Said, Emad
Desalination is now successfully practiced in many countries as drinking water supply has become a growing problem in most parts of the world. Algeria, like the Maghreb countries, has generally adopted two desalination processes (membrane processes and distillation processes which require a phase change, evaporation/condensation), the latter method is subject of our study. An experimental study was made on two similar stills with a single slope, size 1 m × 1 m, the first distiller D1 is used as a control and the second distiller D2 has a simple external mirror glued to its backlog. The same experience has been done in different climates with improvement results ranging from 9% to 21%. In our case, a complete study was concerning the improvement, the efficiency, the investment and finally the error analysis of the instrumentations that have not been done before. We obtained a very interesting improvement which varied between 42% and 45%, the efficiency is 35% and the recovery period of the sum invested is recovered in 23 d, which shows that this technique is more favorable under the climatic conditions of the West Southeast region of Algeria than elsewhere.