Browsing by Author "Attia, Mohammed El Hadi"

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Comparative study of hemispherical solar distillers iron-fins
(Elsevier, 2021-04-10) Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; Kabeel, AE; Abdelgaied, Mohamed; El-Maghlany, Wael M; Bellila, Abdelkader
The ratio between surface area to volume is higher in spherical distillers than traditional single slope distillers. To utilize this advantage, the study measures hemispherical distillers performance. Iron fins have been employed at different lengths and spacing in absorber plate to increase absorption area and transmit heat from hot basin plate to saline water. Three configurations have been tested under same operating conditions. First, the conventional hemispherical distiller without fins representing the reference case (CHSS). Second, the modified hemispherical distiller with fins set at 5 cm spacing (MHSS-IF5). Third, the modified hemispherical distiller with fins set at 7 cm (MHSS-IF7). Fins diameter is constant at 1.2 cm with tested length of 3, 2 and 1 cm starting from the basin absorber plate. Basin salt water is fixed at 3 cm (maximum fin length) during experiments. Results prove that fin utilization is important in performance enhancement. However, fin length effect on performance depends on spacing due to shading effect in distillers. Consequently, the fins utilization improves distiller productivity up to 56.73% with best configuration of MHSS-IF7 with 2 cm fin length and 7 cm spacing. The fins utilization is not costly in the hemispherical distiller with positive enhancement contribution leads to minimum cost per liter of produced water.
Control of methane flame properties by hydrogen fuel addition: Application to power plant combustion chamber
(Pergamon, 2017-03-30) Bouras, Fethi; Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; Khaldi, Fouad; Si-Ameur, Mohammed
This study presents a numerical investigation of the effects of mixing methane/hydrogen on turbulent combustion processes taking place in a burner similar to that integrated in gas turbine power plants. Thereby, in comparison to the reference case where the burner is fuelled by 100% of methane, the variations of the axial velocity field, temperature field and mass fraction of carbon monoxide field are examined for different percentages of hydrogen fuel injection. The computed results, obtained by using the software Fluent-CFD, are compared and validated against experimental reference data. Results show that the hydrogen addition to the methane has an impact on all physical and chemical parameters of the reactive system
Effect of aluminum balls on the productivity of solar distillate
(Elsevier, 2020-08-01) Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; Driss, Zied; Manokar, A Muthu; Sathyamurthy, Ravishankar
Drinking water has become a real global problem, despite the abundance of unsaturated saltwater and colorless, which do not meet the requirements of the World Health Organization. The El Oued, in the southeastern part of Algeria, contains vast quantities of salt water and non-potable water. Solar distillation can be used as a solution to resolve this trouble. To provide drinking water, we use free sunlight to treat salt water. The traditional solar distillation device, which is one mile long (0.5×0.5 m), is designed to confirm the effectiveness of this solution. The traditional single slope solar distillation, its dimensions (0.5×0.5 m), is designed to confirm the effectiveness of this solution. Solar distillation is an environmental, economic and simple technique, but it needs some modifications to increase the distilled water production. In this work, we added aluminum balls inside the solar distillate box. In this work, we added 42 aluminum balls with a diameter of 2 cm inside a solar distillates box; positioned as follows (6 balls x 7 balls). The results showed that aluminum balls increased the distillation of distilled water by about 27.16 %.
Enhancement of hemispherical solar still productivity using iron, zinc and copper trays
(Pergamon, 2021-03-01) Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; AE, Kabeel; Abdelgaied, Mohamed; FA, Essa; ZM, Omara
In this manuscript, a hemispherical solar still with different metal trays (copper, zinc, and iron) painted with black was studied experimentally. Four hemispherical solar stills were manufactured; the first is the conventional hemispherical solar still which represent the reference case (CHSS), the second, third and fourth were the modified hemispherical solar stills with adding black metal trays of copper, zinc, and iron, respectively. These trays were placed at the bottom of the distiller basin. This modification led to a significant increase in the rate of evaporation of the salt water in the distiller basin due to the improved heat transfer characteristics. The basin water depth in the trays are kept constant at 10 mm in all experiments. The results showed that the accumulative yield of the hemispherical solar still reached to 4.8 kg/m2/day, while the utilization of iron, zinc and copper trays improved the accumulative yield to 5.5, 6.3 and 7.35 kg/m2/day, respectively. These results presented that the trays hemispherical solar still of iron (THSSI) was about 1.17 times the daily productivity of CHSS, while trays hemispherical solar still of zinc (THSSZ) showed an increase in productivity by 31.25% compared to CHSS. Moreover, the trays hemispherical solar still of copper (THSSC) gave improved productivity by 53.125% compared to CHSS. The thermal efficiency of CHSS, THSSI, THSSZ and THSSC were 37.4%, 42.8%, 49% and 57.2%, respectively.
Enhancing the solar still output using micro/nano-particles of aluminum oxide at different concentrations: An experimental study, energy, exergy and economic analysis
(Elsevier, 2021-09-01) Benoudina, Belkheir; Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; Driss, Zied; Afzal, Asif; Manokar, A Muthu; Sathyamurthy, Ravishankar
In this work, the use of micro/Nano-particles of aluminum oxide (Al2O3) with various concentrations in solar still has been reported. Three solar distillers has been fabricated and tested: first distiller is a Conventional Solar Still (CSS), the second distiller is a Modified Solar Still (MSS) contains micro-particles of Al2O3 (MSS – 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% MP of Al2O3) and the third distiller is a MSS contains Nano-particles of Al2O3 (MSS – 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% NP of Al2O3). In this experimental study, the micro/Nano-particles of the Al2O3 concentrations are prepared at the concentration ratio of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3%. From the experimental outputs by adding Nano-particles of Al2O3 with concentrations of 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3% in the CSS, the productivity of 4.9, 5.47 and 6.12 L/m2 has been observed. However, when using the micro-particles of Al2O3, the MSS productivity is equal to 4.07, 4.54 and 4.96 L/m2 for the concentrations equal to 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3%, respectively. While the maximum productivity of the CSS without micro/Nano-particles of Al2O3 was 3.02 L/m2 . Furthermore, the daily increase in yield of 62.25, 81.12 and 102.64% are obtained when using the Nano-particles of Al2O3 with the concentrations of 0.1, 0.2 and 0.3% respectively, as compared to the CSS. By using the micro-particles of Al2O3, the daily increase reaches only 34.77, 50.33 and 64.24% for the concentration equal to 0.1%, 0.2% and 0.3%, respectively as compared to the CSS.
Improvement of Solar Distiller Productivity by a Black Metallic Plate of Zinc as a Thermal Storage Material
(ASTM International, 2021-03-01) Khechekhouche, Abderrahmane; Ben Haoua, Boubaker; Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; El-Maghlany, Wael M
The lack of drinking water is a real global problem. Transforming polluted water into freshwater is another problem. Solar distillation seems a simple and economical solution to this problem, but the yield of a solar still is low, and this poses another problem. One of the best ways to improve the productivity of freshwater from solar energy is to incorporate sensible heat energy storage materials; i.e., the temperature elevation of a material allows for the storage of energy, and that is exactly the purpose of our work. Two similar solar distillers were exposed to the sun in May 2017 under the same weather conditions. Distiller Dc is retained as a reference and distiller Ds contains in its basin a black plate of zinc 48 by 48 cm with a thickness of 0.2 cm. This plate is used as a sensitive thermal storage material to improve the productivity of our device. The results of this simple and inexpensive technique have improved the productivity of distiller Ds by 1.54 times compared with the conventional Dc still. Thus, this technique increases the productivity of the distiller and participates in solving a technical problem affecting the solar still.
Improving the thermo-economic performance of hemispherical solar distiller using copper oxide nanofluids and phase change materials: Experimental and theoretical investigation
(North-Holland, 2022-05-01) Abdelgaied, Mohamed; Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; Kabeel, AE; Zayed, Mohamed E
In the present work, a thermo-economic performance of the modified hemispherical solar still (MHSS) was studied and compared to traditional hemispherical solar still (THSS). The modulations accounted for two additives, namely: paraffin wax as phase change materials (PCM), and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles. Three cases of MHSS were investigated and compared to THSS: (0.3 wt%) CuO nanomaterials were immersed in the basin water, implementing PCM container below the basin, and combining PCM container below the basin plus mixing CuO nanoparticles in the basin water. The basin water depth in all stills was set at 1.0 cm in all cases. Moreover, the thermo-economic performance of the four studied cases was compared and evaluated by determining the freshwater productivity, the daily energy efficiency, and the freshwater cost. Experiments have been carried out on the proposed hemispherical distillers under hot climatic conditions of El-Oued (33°27′N, 7°11′E), Algeria. The results show that the single utilization of CuO/water nanofluid and pure PCM improved productivity by 60.41% and 29.17%, respectively, compared to THSS. While, the dual usage of PCM and CuO/water nanofluid further enhanced the productivity by up to 80.20%, relative to THSS. Moreover, the daily energy efficiencies of the hemispherical distillers under the different studied cases (THSS, MHSS/PCM, MHSS/CuO-water nanofluid, and MHSS/PCM + CuO-water nanofluid) were found to be 35.52%, 45.45%, 56.46%, and 63.61%), respectively. The economic feasibility of these modifications presented that the dual usage of PCM and CuO/water nanofluid is more effective as it reduces the cost of freshwater production by 75% compared to THSS.
Optimal concentration of El Oued sand grains as energy storage materials for enhancement of hemispherical distillers performance
(Elsevier, 2021-04-01) Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; Kabeel, AE; Abdelgaied, Mohamed
The present experimental study aims to improve the performance of the hemispherical distillers via the utilization of El Oued sand grains as sensible storage materials. The El Oued sand grains characteristic by having SiO2, large concentrations of Al2O3, and Fe2O3. These characteristics of the El Oued sand grains make them a good choice in the solar energy storage field especially in solar distillers, as they increase the absorption rate of solar radiation inside the basin in addition to improving the rate of heat transfer. To obtain the optimal concentration of El Oued sand grains that achieves the highest performance of the hemispherical distillers, eight different concentrations of El-Oued sand grains (0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7%) were studied. To achieve this goal, three hemispherical distillers were designed and constructed, the first and second are the modified hemispherical distillers (MHSS) which contain the sand grains with different concentrations, and the third is a traditional hemispherical distiller (THSS) which represents the reference distiller. The experimental tests of the eight concentrations were conducted on four consecutive days, on each day two concentrations were tested and compared to the reference distiller. The experimental results presented that, the concentration of 3% represents the optimal concentration of El Oued sand grains that achieves the highest performance of hemispherical distillers. The accumulative yield of the reference distiller reached 4780 mL/m2 /day, while the utilization of El Oued sand grains with a concentration of 3% improves the accumulative yield to 7270 mL/m2 /day with a 52.1% improvement in accumulative yield. Also, the daily efficiency of the reference distiller reached 39.2%, while the utilization of the El Oued sand grains with a concentration of 3% improves the daily efficiency to 59.1% with a 50.8% improvement in daily efficiency.
Performance enhancements of conventional solar still using reflective aluminium foil sheet and reflective glass mirrors: energy and exergy analysis
(Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2021-07) Selvaraj Chandrika, Vanitha; Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; Muthu Manokar, Athikesavan; Pedro Garcia Marquez, Fausto; Driss, Zied; Sathyamurthy, Ravishankar
Many researchers are seeking simple and successful solutions to increase the output from the solar distiller. In this research work, reflective mirrors and reflective aluminium foil sheet were fixed on inner surfaces of the single-slope solar distiller, leading to more water production. The presence of reflective mirrors and reflective aluminium foil sheet on inner surfaces of the solar distillate permits the reflection of solar radiation falling inside the basin. Experiments were carried out on three stills: the first distiller is conventional solar still with black painted walls (CSS-BPW); the second distiller is conventional solar still with reflective aluminium foil sheet walls (CSS-RAFW); and the third distiller is conventional solar still with reflective glass mirror walls (CSS-RGMW). The maximum total drinking water productions from the CSS, CSS-RAFW and the CSS-RGMW are 3.41, 5.1 and 5.54 kg/m2 , respectively. Compared to the CSSBPW, the production of drinking water was increased by 68.57% when using the reflective glass mirrors and 48.57% when using the reflective aluminium foil sheet.
Performance Evaluation of Modified Solar Still Using Aluminum Foil Sheet as Absorber Cover – A Comparative Study
(ASTM International, 2021-09-01) Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; Driss, Zied; Abdelgaied, Mohamed; Manokar, A Muthu; Sathyamurthy, Ravishankar; Hussein, Ahmed Kadhim
Solar desalination is one of the sustainable solutions to produce freshwater from brackish water. Unavailability of drinking water is a major socioeconomic problem in southeastern Algeria that affects a large population. In the face of the problem, local researchers are adopting solar distillation, which appears to be a suitable and inexpensive solution. Improving the productivity of a solar greenhouse still represents the subject of several studies around the world looking for ways to increase the yield of a solar still. The idea behind this paper is to use the aluminum foil sheet as the absorber cover to improve the productivity of a solar still. To obtain the influence of utilizing the aluminum foil sheet as the absorber cover on a yield of a solar still, the conventional still with the black absorber surface and modified solar still with the aluminum foil sheet as the absorber cover were compared at the same climate conditions. The experimental investigation was performed on different days. Experimental work shows that this technique has a negative effect on the productivity of the distiller, which is reduced by 1.5 to 2.5 times compared to the black absorber distiller. Therefore, it is not recommended to use an aluminum cover in regular solar distillation.
Productivity enhancement of hemispherical solar still using Al2O3-water-based nanofluid and cooling the glass cover
(Springer International Publishing, 2021-04) Bellila, Abdelkader; Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; AE Kabeel, Mohamed; Harby, Abdelgaied K; Soli, Jihan
The hemispherical distiller characteristics are having a large surface area for receiving and condensing compared to a conventional single-slope distiller. To achieve the maximum possible utilization of this feature, in first the Al2O3 nanoparticles were adding to the basin water to increase the evaporation rate, in the second modification the glass cover cooling technology was utilized to increase the condensation rate. To investigate the influences of Al2O3-water nanofluid and the glass cover cooling technology by a water sprinkler on hemispherical solar distiller performance, three hemispherical solar distillers were designed and tested in the same climate conditions. The first is the reference case (conventional hemispherical solar distiller), second is the modified hemispherical solar distiller with Al2O3-water nanofluid, and the third is the modified hemispherical solar distiller with Al2O3-water nanofluid and water sprinkler. Three different concentrations of Al2O3 nanoparticles 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3% were studied. Results showed that, the accumulative yield of traditional hemispherical solar distiller reached 3280 ml/m2/day, while the utilization of Al2O3-water nanofluid and the water sprinkler improve the accumulative yield to 6750, 6900, and 7250 ml/m2/day, with improvement 105.8, 110.4, and 121% of the volume friction of 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3%, respectively. Also, the improvement in the daily efficiency for utilizing the Al2O3 nanoparticles and water sprinkler reached 105.7, 109.7, and 120.1% for nanoparticle concentrations 0.1, 0.2, and 0.3%, respectively as compared to the reference case.
Sustainable potable water production from conventional solar still during the winter season at Algerian dry areas: energy and exergy analysis
(Springer International Publishing, 2020-10-13) Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; Karthick, A; Muthu Manokar, A; Driss, Zied; Kabeel, Abd Elnaby; Sathyamurthy, Ravishankar; Sharifpur, Mohsen
The Algeria Sahara sufers from the scarcity of drinking water. Solar distillation is one of the simplest and generally inexpensive techniques to solve this problem. However, a second problem arises; this is low productivity in winter. The objective of this study is to overcome this difculty by modifying the experimental setup by adding nanoparticles that compensate for the weak solar radiation in winter. The experimental results show that the daily productivity of conventional solar still in summer is 3.5 kg m−2 and in winter is 2.2 kg m−2. Similarly conventional solar still with CuO nanoparticles in winter is 3 kg/m2 per day. The productivity of the conventional solar still without CuO nanoparticles in summer is best as compared to others. When comparing productivity during the winter season, it is found that the productivity of the modifed distillery was 1.4 times better than the productivity of the unmodifed distillery. The daily exergy efciency of the conventional solar still in summer and winter is equal to 1.2 and 1.58%, respectively. The use of CuO nanoparticles in winter season has exergy efciency equal to 2.41%. The daily exergy efciency of the solar still was increased by 52.5% when using CuO nanoparticles in the winter season
Traditional solar distiller improvement by a single external refractor under the climatic conditions of the El-Oued region, Algeria
(Desalin Water Treat, 2020-02-01) Khechekhouche, Abderrahmane; Kabeel, AE; Benhaoua, B; Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; El-Said, Emad MS
Desalination is now successfully practiced in many countries as drinking water supply has become a growing problem in most parts of the world. Algeria, like the Maghreb countries, has generally adopted two desalination processes (membrane processes and distillation processes which require a phase change, evaporation/condensation), the latter method is subject of our study. An experimental study was made on two similar stills with a single slope, size 1 m × 1 m, the first distiller D1 is used as a control and the second distiller D2 has a simple external mirror glued to its backlog. The same experience has been done in different climates with improvement results ranging from 9% to 21%. In our case, a complete study was concerning the improvement, the efficiency, the investment and finally the error analysis of the instrumentations that have not been done before. We obtained a very interesting improvement which varied between 42% and 45%, the efficiency is 35% and the recovery period of the sum invested is recovered in 23 d, which shows that this technique is more favorable under the climatic conditions of the West Southeast region of Algeria than elsewhere.
Traditional solar distiller improvement by a single external refractor under the climatic conditions of the El-Oued region, Algeria
(Desalination Publications, 2020-02-01) Khechekhouche, Abderrahmane; Kabeel, AE; Benhaoua, B; Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; MS El-Said, Emad
Desalination is now successfully practiced in many countries as drinking water supply has become a growing problem in most parts of the world. Algeria, like the Maghreb countries, has generally adopted two desalination processes (membrane processes and distillation processes which require a phase change, evaporation/condensation), the latter method is subject of our study. An experimental study was made on two similar stills with a single slope, size 1 m × 1 m, the first distiller D1 is used as a control and the second distiller D2 has a simple external mirror glued to its backlog. The same experience has been done in different climates with improvement results ranging from 9% to 21%. In our case, a complete study was concerning the improvement, the efficiency, the investment and finally the error analysis of the instrumentations that have not been done before. We obtained a very interesting improvement which varied between 42% and 45%, the efficiency is 35% and the recovery period of the sum invested is recovered in 23 d, which shows that this technique is more favorable under the climatic conditions of the West Southeast region of Algeria than elsewhere.