Browsing by Author "Abdelgaied, Mohamed"

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Comparative study of hemispherical solar distillers iron-fins
(Elsevier, 2021-04-10) Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; Kabeel, AE; Abdelgaied, Mohamed; El-Maghlany, Wael M; Bellila, Abdelkader
The ratio between surface area to volume is higher in spherical distillers than traditional single slope distillers. To utilize this advantage, the study measures hemispherical distillers performance. Iron fins have been employed at different lengths and spacing in absorber plate to increase absorption area and transmit heat from hot basin plate to saline water. Three configurations have been tested under same operating conditions. First, the conventional hemispherical distiller without fins representing the reference case (CHSS). Second, the modified hemispherical distiller with fins set at 5 cm spacing (MHSS-IF5). Third, the modified hemispherical distiller with fins set at 7 cm (MHSS-IF7). Fins diameter is constant at 1.2 cm with tested length of 3, 2 and 1 cm starting from the basin absorber plate. Basin salt water is fixed at 3 cm (maximum fin length) during experiments. Results prove that fin utilization is important in performance enhancement. However, fin length effect on performance depends on spacing due to shading effect in distillers. Consequently, the fins utilization improves distiller productivity up to 56.73% with best configuration of MHSS-IF7 with 2 cm fin length and 7 cm spacing. The fins utilization is not costly in the hemispherical distiller with positive enhancement contribution leads to minimum cost per liter of produced water.
Enhancement of hemispherical solar still productivity using iron, zinc and copper trays
(Pergamon, 2021-03-01) Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; AE, Kabeel; Abdelgaied, Mohamed; FA, Essa; ZM, Omara
In this manuscript, a hemispherical solar still with different metal trays (copper, zinc, and iron) painted with black was studied experimentally. Four hemispherical solar stills were manufactured; the first is the conventional hemispherical solar still which represent the reference case (CHSS), the second, third and fourth were the modified hemispherical solar stills with adding black metal trays of copper, zinc, and iron, respectively. These trays were placed at the bottom of the distiller basin. This modification led to a significant increase in the rate of evaporation of the salt water in the distiller basin due to the improved heat transfer characteristics. The basin water depth in the trays are kept constant at 10 mm in all experiments. The results showed that the accumulative yield of the hemispherical solar still reached to 4.8 kg/m2/day, while the utilization of iron, zinc and copper trays improved the accumulative yield to 5.5, 6.3 and 7.35 kg/m2/day, respectively. These results presented that the trays hemispherical solar still of iron (THSSI) was about 1.17 times the daily productivity of CHSS, while trays hemispherical solar still of zinc (THSSZ) showed an increase in productivity by 31.25% compared to CHSS. Moreover, the trays hemispherical solar still of copper (THSSC) gave improved productivity by 53.125% compared to CHSS. The thermal efficiency of CHSS, THSSI, THSSZ and THSSC were 37.4%, 42.8%, 49% and 57.2%, respectively.
Improving the thermo-economic performance of hemispherical solar distiller using copper oxide nanofluids and phase change materials: Experimental and theoretical investigation
(North-Holland, 2022-05-01) Abdelgaied, Mohamed; Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; Kabeel, AE; Zayed, Mohamed E
In the present work, a thermo-economic performance of the modified hemispherical solar still (MHSS) was studied and compared to traditional hemispherical solar still (THSS). The modulations accounted for two additives, namely: paraffin wax as phase change materials (PCM), and copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles. Three cases of MHSS were investigated and compared to THSS: (0.3 wt%) CuO nanomaterials were immersed in the basin water, implementing PCM container below the basin, and combining PCM container below the basin plus mixing CuO nanoparticles in the basin water. The basin water depth in all stills was set at 1.0 cm in all cases. Moreover, the thermo-economic performance of the four studied cases was compared and evaluated by determining the freshwater productivity, the daily energy efficiency, and the freshwater cost. Experiments have been carried out on the proposed hemispherical distillers under hot climatic conditions of El-Oued (33°27′N, 7°11′E), Algeria. The results show that the single utilization of CuO/water nanofluid and pure PCM improved productivity by 60.41% and 29.17%, respectively, compared to THSS. While, the dual usage of PCM and CuO/water nanofluid further enhanced the productivity by up to 80.20%, relative to THSS. Moreover, the daily energy efficiencies of the hemispherical distillers under the different studied cases (THSS, MHSS/PCM, MHSS/CuO-water nanofluid, and MHSS/PCM + CuO-water nanofluid) were found to be 35.52%, 45.45%, 56.46%, and 63.61%), respectively. The economic feasibility of these modifications presented that the dual usage of PCM and CuO/water nanofluid is more effective as it reduces the cost of freshwater production by 75% compared to THSS.
Optimal concentration of El Oued sand grains as energy storage materials for enhancement of hemispherical distillers performance
(Elsevier, 2021-04-01) Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; Kabeel, AE; Abdelgaied, Mohamed
The present experimental study aims to improve the performance of the hemispherical distillers via the utilization of El Oued sand grains as sensible storage materials. The El Oued sand grains characteristic by having SiO2, large concentrations of Al2O3, and Fe2O3. These characteristics of the El Oued sand grains make them a good choice in the solar energy storage field especially in solar distillers, as they increase the absorption rate of solar radiation inside the basin in addition to improving the rate of heat transfer. To obtain the optimal concentration of El Oued sand grains that achieves the highest performance of the hemispherical distillers, eight different concentrations of El-Oued sand grains (0.5, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7%) were studied. To achieve this goal, three hemispherical distillers were designed and constructed, the first and second are the modified hemispherical distillers (MHSS) which contain the sand grains with different concentrations, and the third is a traditional hemispherical distiller (THSS) which represents the reference distiller. The experimental tests of the eight concentrations were conducted on four consecutive days, on each day two concentrations were tested and compared to the reference distiller. The experimental results presented that, the concentration of 3% represents the optimal concentration of El Oued sand grains that achieves the highest performance of hemispherical distillers. The accumulative yield of the reference distiller reached 4780 mL/m2 /day, while the utilization of El Oued sand grains with a concentration of 3% improves the accumulative yield to 7270 mL/m2 /day with a 52.1% improvement in accumulative yield. Also, the daily efficiency of the reference distiller reached 39.2%, while the utilization of the El Oued sand grains with a concentration of 3% improves the daily efficiency to 59.1% with a 50.8% improvement in daily efficiency.
Performance Evaluation of Modified Solar Still Using Aluminum Foil Sheet as Absorber Cover – A Comparative Study
(ASTM International, 2021-09-01) Attia, Mohammed El Hadi; Driss, Zied; Abdelgaied, Mohamed; Manokar, A Muthu; Sathyamurthy, Ravishankar; Hussein, Ahmed Kadhim
Solar desalination is one of the sustainable solutions to produce freshwater from brackish water. Unavailability of drinking water is a major socioeconomic problem in southeastern Algeria that affects a large population. In the face of the problem, local researchers are adopting solar distillation, which appears to be a suitable and inexpensive solution. Improving the productivity of a solar greenhouse still represents the subject of several studies around the world looking for ways to increase the yield of a solar still. The idea behind this paper is to use the aluminum foil sheet as the absorber cover to improve the productivity of a solar still. To obtain the influence of utilizing the aluminum foil sheet as the absorber cover on a yield of a solar still, the conventional still with the black absorber surface and modified solar still with the aluminum foil sheet as the absorber cover were compared at the same climate conditions. The experimental investigation was performed on different days. Experimental work shows that this technique has a negative effect on the productivity of the distiller, which is reduced by 1.5 to 2.5 times compared to the black absorber distiller. Therefore, it is not recommended to use an aluminum cover in regular solar distillation.