Vol 09, N 03
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Item FREQUENCY AND COMPARISON OF SEROEPIDEMIOLOGY HSV AND CMV IN WOMEN WITH NATURAL CHILDBIRTH AND ABORTION IN SHAHID BEHESHTI HOSPITAL, ABADAN, IRAN(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-09-01) Jomehzadeh, N.; Shahi, F.; Kooti, S.; Gorjian, Z.; Abdollahi L19orestani, H.; Tamimi, A.; Sobhani, A.; Khoshnood, S.Background: Cytomegalovirus and Herpes simplexvirus are one of the most common causes of congenital infections. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine the seroprevalence of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), type 2 (HSV-2) and CMV antibody in pregnant women admitting to antenatal care clinic of Shahid Beheshti Hospital in Abadan, Iran. Serum samples were collected during the study. Methods: The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to detect anti-HSV-1, anti-HSV-2 type and anti- CMV. Socio-demographic and obstetric characteristics were used for further study. Results: Between January and December 2016, we have studied 325 pregnant women referred to Shahid Beheshti Hospital. The mean of women’s age was 27.66 ± 5.96 years old (range 16 to 43 years). Of the 325 participants in this study, 40 (12.3 %) were HSV-1 seropositive, 78 (24%) were HSV-2 seropositive and 36 (11%) were CMV seropositive. A combined analysis was performed for HSV-1 and HSV-2: the percentages of individuals testing regarding both HSV-1 and HSV-2 negative, both HSV-1 and HSV-2 positive, were 207 (63.7%) and 4 (1.2%) respectively.Item THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHILD ABUSE AND FAMILY, PSYCHOLOGICAL AND SOCIAL FACTORS AMONG CHILDREN(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-09-01) Gorjian, Z.; Mahmoodi, N.; Nabhani, N.; Mohseni, A.; Baghbani, M.; Zahedi, A.; Azadpour, Sh.Introduction: Child abuse is a social problem that affects children’s life in the society. Although there is not a sophisticated statistic on this problem and its epidemic issue in Iran, itsshort and long-term effects have been shown in several studies. Thus, this research aimed at investing the epidemic effect of child abuse and its relationship with other factors including family, logical and social factors. Materials and Methodology: This study was a cross-sectional descriptive research that examines 592 children at the sixth grade of primary comes (i.e., 12 year-primary school students) who were selected based on clustering  sampling at the girl and boy’s primary schools. The research tools for data collection were the questionnaire of multi-section including the profiles of the children and their parents and the questionnaire of child abuse. Data were coded and analyzed thought SPSS, version 19. Results: Findings showed that 41 percent of the students were abused. 99.3 percent of them were neglected or ignored. 83.6 percent of children were abused through affective (psychological) factors and 47.2 percent of children have experienced at least a case of physical (bold) abuse. 51.2 percent of the abused children were girls and the rest were boys. The highest rate of child abuse belonged to the parents (i.e., 23.9% from fathers and 18.2% from mothers). Child abused showed a direct correlation with gender (p=0.02), divorce (p=0.05), father’s age (p=0.03), mother’s age (p=0.03), number of children (p=0.04), and the child rank of birth (p=0.05). Moreover, there was negative correlation between the fathers’ income (p=0.05) and the mother’s educational level (p=0.005). Conclusion: Results of the study showed that child abuse is seen in families, especially the parents frequently neglect and ignore the children. Thus, there is a need to protect the children through establishing strict rules and preventing programs. This requires training programs in the mass media to prevent the spread of child abuse in the society.Item FABRICATION AND INVESTIGATION OF STRUCTURAL, OPTICAL AND DIELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF BISMUTH TRISULFIDE (BI2S3) THIN FILM(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-09-01) Benattou, H.; Benramdane, N.; Medles, M.Bismuth trisulfide (Bi2S3) in thin films was prepared by spray pyrolysis method at temperature of 280°c. The films were of orthorhombic crystal structure, and direct optical gap of 1.61eV. Tangent of dielectric losses, AC conductivity, dielectric constant and electric modulus were investigated versus the frequency (5Hz-13MHz) and the temperature (293-333°K). The single electric relaxation time is of order of nano-second and DC conductivity from 0.29 to 3.22 (Ω.cm)-1, were indicated from electrical analysis. The observed behavior was described in term of a multi-hopping process. The dependence of ‘σAC’ and ‘S’ with temperature, were interpreted by the model (CBH). The density of the localized states N(Ef) is of order of 1020 cm-3.Ω-1, the maximum barrier height WM of order of 0.1eV, and the activation energy (Ea ≈0.12eV ) were calculated for these materials.Item BIOGAS AND CH4 QUALITY AND PRODUCTIVITY BY CO-DIGESTING DROMEDARY DUNG WITH KITCHEN WASTE AND SEWAGE SLUDGE WATER UNDER MESOPHILIC CONDITIONS(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-09-01) Benaissa, K.; Dadamoussa, B.; Bendraoua, A.Five laboratory-scale studies were set-up to investigate the effects of dromedary dung (DD) co-digestion with kitchen waste (KW) and sewage sludge water (SSW) at five ratios, under mesophilic conditions (31-35°C) by examining operation stability, CH4 and biogas production potentials. The result obtained showed that KWDDSSW produced the highest CH4 content (64.51%), followed by DDSSW (51.37%) and DDKW (34.77%). The daily CH4 production was linearly correlated with pH, high volatile solids and COD degradation in the feedstock, indicating methane production was probably associated with higher supply of organic carbon source that favored the growth of active biomass. KWDDSSW and DDSSW were favored in terms of volume of flammable gas production of biogas and flamed on the 8th day. This study is being the first attempt on CH4 production of combined wastes with DD of Algeria.Item IDENTIFICATION OF HYDROGEOCHEMICAL PROCESSES IN A NORTH EASTERN ENDOREIC BASIN UNDER SEMI-ARID CONDITIONS (ALGERIA)(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-09-01) D. Dib, A. Khiari, K. Kadi, M. Oualdjaoui, N. GherrafStatistical and geochemical methods were used to identify the factors influencing the behavior of groundwater in the Tarf watershed, characterized by a high water deficit. The chemical facies deduced from the piper diagram and the correlations between different major cations and anions evoked a dominance of the evaporite minerals with respect to the carbonates which are saturated and try to precipitate. Besides the projection of the results of a few points followed over a period of 4 years (2011-1015) on the Gibbs plot demonstrates the dominance of the processes of evaporation - precipitation with respect to the erosion which is very slowed during the last years due to the fact of lack of effective precipitation.Item A COMBINATION OF SCALABLE ALGORITHMS FOR OPTIMISING PI CONTROLLER(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-09-01) Laroussi, K.; Iratni, A.In several works using a single approach for optimization the parametres of PI controller confirms that the use of a single approach does not necessarily produce optimal results. In this paper, we propose to optimize the performance of the parametres controller by combining two scalable algorithms, genetic algorithms GA and particle Swarm PS, in order to optimize the parameters of the PI controller and to minimize the. By refining the parameters of controleur that monitor performance. Using a search engine that compares the error values of the different approaches and scenarios and, in each scenario, selects the results with the minimum error value. This method has been applied to control the speed of the induction machine. The results obtained by simulation show the high performance and robustness of this technique.Item FATTY ACID COMPOSITION OF ALGERIAN PROPOLIS(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-09-01) Rebiai, A.; Belfar, M. L.; Mesbahi, M. A.; Nani, S.; Tliba, A.; Ghamem Amara, D.; Chouikh, A.The fatty acid composition of eight honey bee (Apis mellifera) propolis load samples acquired in Algeria, were determined. The fatty acids presented a variable composition among these samples. All samples contained oleic, linoleic, stearic, eicosenoic, palmitoleic and palmitic acid. Only two samples did not contain arachidonic acid. Also results indicated palmitic, palmitoleic, linoleic, arachidonic and eicosenoic acid, respectively, accounted for 0.05% to 3.71%, 0.14% to 14.58%, 1.3% to 12.1%, 0.19% to 18.83%, and 0.23% to 12.86%; of the total lipids.The unsaturated fatty acid level varied from 19.72% to 51.85% of the total fatty acid composition, suggesting that propolis is a good source of unsaturated fatty acids to the diet. These data might help the regulatory agencies establish quality parameters for propolis produced in Algeria. There are no additional data available on Algerian propolis fatty acid composition.Item EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF FLOW PATTERN AROUND REPELLING AND ATTRACTING T-HEAD SPUR DIKES ON FLAT BED(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-09-01) Mahdieh Najafabadi, A.; Bateni, M. M.Use of T-head spur dikes is one of the common methods to control erosion of riverbanks. Nevertheless, setting spur dikes in the flow direction leads to modification of flow path and local scour in the site of the spur dike. In case of intensification, this can destruct the structure and the riverbank. Therefore, understanding its mechanism and characteristics are crucial. The main objective of this study is to investigate and compare the flow pattern around submerged attracting and repelling T-head spur dikes in a flat bed. The experimental Flume was a rectangular channel with bed width of 92 cm, bank height of 60 cm and length of 8.7 m. around spur dike at 24 cross sections, 16 profiles and 3 depths velocity was measured by 2-D electromagnetic velocimeter. The results showed that downflow in upstream of repelling spur dike is stronger than the downstream part and the Length of downstream circulation zone is larger in attracting spur dike.Item ABUNDANCE AND SPECIES RICHNESS OF LOMBRIC MACROFAUNA IN A SEMI-ARID FOREST ECOSYSTEM(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-09-01) Ababsa, N.; Laiche, A.; Djabbar, F.The importance of earthworms for soils has evolved over time. Our study was conducted in the forest of Ouled yagoub (North East Algerian). Sampling at three different altitudes resulted in a total of forty-nine individuals (49) and only three species were identified: Octodrilus complanatus, Allolobophora molleri and Aporrectodea rosea. Spread over two ecological categories. The specific richness is higher in the site of 1400 m of altitude. The Simpson index (Is) varies between 0.44 and 0.49 for the three study sites. The Shannon index fluctuates between 0.41 and 0.74. The values of the Hill index vary between 1 and 1.5 in the three Sites.Item CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF THE EFFECT OF ORGANIC EXTRACTS OF BUNIUM INCRASSATUM ON THE HEMATOLOGICAL, OVARIAN AND UTERINE PARAMETERS OF MATURE FEMALE RABBIT(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-09-01) Chentouh, S.; Boulahbel, S.; Ouldjaoui, A.; Hammoudi, N.; Djebaili, H.; Adjel, F.The objective of this study is to evaluate the impact of the organic extracts of Bunium incrassatum roots, belonging to the Apiaceae family, on some hematological parameter and histomorphological changes of the genital tract. This plant, called ‘Talghouda‘, is widely distributed in the east parts of Algeria. Phytochemical analyzes of the roots of this plant reveal the presence of two coumarins, scopoletin, scoparone Beta-sitosterol, sucrose and oleic acid. The study was achieved on mature rabbits of the local breed (Oryctolagus cuniculus) for 15 days. The animals were divided into five groups, which have daily administered 0, 25, 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg/day respectively doses of organic extract of Bunium incrassatum. The group with dose 0 was taken as a control. After treatment, the rabbits were sacrificed, the blood was collected in heparin tubes and their ovaries and uterus were removed and fixed in 10% formalin and then stained with hematoxylin-eosin. We found that treatment with the organic Bunium Incrassatum extract induces a significant decrease in the level of Triglyceride, Cholesterol in treated rabbits. The results of the histological study revealed a significant increase in the number of primary and secondary follicles in rabbits treated with 50 and 100 mg/kg/day doses and a decrease accompanied by an increase in atretic follicles in rabbits treated with a dose of 200 mg/kg/day, compared to the control group. The study shows that the organic extract of Bunium Incrassatum had estrogenic effects at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg/day.Item THE SURFACE WATER STORAGE PROBLEM IN ARID REGIONS: A CASE STUDY OF THE GARGAR DAM, ALGERIA(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-09-01) Benfetta, H.; Ouadja, A.Most dams lose capacity as a result of three principal phenomena: leakage, sedimentation and evaporation. The study of these phenomena is particularly important as they can also endanger the dam’s stability. Here, we examine the case of the Gargar dam in western Algeria. This dam is located in an arid zone where water resources are becoming increasingly scarce. It is situated 5 km from the city of Ghelizane and is subject to considerable water loss. It has never been filled to capacity, and is now threatened by leakages that are clearly evolving over time. This article extends our earlier studies of the dam. Our work has estimated total average losses of 25 million m3 /year for the period 1988–2015, made up of leakage (0.3 million m3 /year) and evaporation (18 million m3 /year), while dead storage accounts for 4.6 million m3 /year. However, total losses for 2004 were estimated at 113.9 million m3, which increased to the alarming value of 166.8 million m3 in 2015. We analyze variation in leakage as a function of the reservoir level, and quantify losses due to leaks, sedimentation and evaporation.Item BIOLOGICAL CONTROL BY (COCCINELLA ALGERICA, KOVAR 1977) AGAINST THE PUCERON OF CROPS UNDER GREENHOUSES (STATION BIORESSOURCES OF EL OUTAYA CRSTRA) BISKRA; ALGERIA(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-09-01)Inputs from chemicals, particularly pesticides, to control crop pests have adverse effects on soil and the environment, among others. To reduce pest attacks, biological control with indigenous predators is the alternative and the cleanest, most environmentally friendly and ecologically balanced way. In order to achieve this objective, we carried out ladybird breeding and releases were carried out on vegetable crops under glass in the Bioressources (CRSTRA) station where chemical inputs are not used.  This study shows that massive and successive releases larvae Coccinella algerica stage L3 and L4 (10 to 20 larvae C.algerica  and »350 individuals in Individuals in adult stage / infested plants)  reduced effectively the population of aphids.Item INVENTORY OF ARTHROPODS ON SESBANIA ACUELATA IN THE ALGERIAN SAHARA AND QUANTIFICATION OF PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS BY HPLC(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-09-01) larkem, I.; Benchikha, N.; Domandji, S.; Domandji, M. B.The present study was carried out at the I.T.D.A.S. (Biskra). It contributes to the inventory and knowledge of arthropods which are successfully infecting a plant newly introduced in Algeria in this case Sesbania acuelata. During the summer of 2016, each month, arthropods are collected using three methods: pitful traps, yellow water traps and direct hunting. The survey resulted in the retrieval of 685 individuals in 125 arthropods, grouped into 66 families and 13 orders. The results thus obtained showed a predominance of the order Hymenoptera followed by Diptera and Orthoptera. The Order of the acari is the least represented. For a better qualitative and quantitative analysis of the species identified, numerous ecological indices were used.    The extract obtained was analyzed, under optimum conditions, by HPLC which allowed the identification of seven phenolic compounds which are ascorbic acid, gallic acid, chlorogenic acid, caffeic acid, and Vanillin, quercitin, rutin acids.    Sesbania acuelata, can be, however, considered as a plant of pharmaceutical utility of great importance in addition to the other virtues.Item CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF THE QUALITY PHYSICOCHEMICAL OF THE WATERS OF THE WATER OF THE COMPLEX TERMINAL IN THE VALLEY OF OUED SOUF (SOUTH-EAST ALGERIAN)(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-09-01) Zaiz, I.; Zine, B.; Boutoutaou, D.; Khechana, S.The area of Oued-Souf consists of a good amount of underground water resources. These resources consist of two big aquifers: the Terminal Complex and the Continental Intercalary. The Chemical quality of these waters creates big problems like: the high mineralization and the concentration of some elements that surpass the recommended norms stated by the OMS. The objectives of the present study relate to quality of the waters within this area and their effects on the environment. According to the results obtained from the different methods utilized, diagram and statistical tool, it could be said that the mineralization of these waters is geologic in origin. The mineralization relate to the composition of the strata that make the two layers. The problem of the Oued-Souf area waters is in essence a problem of quality, for this we believe there must be some rigorous research to develop the chemical quality of these waters and to guarantee their accountability to the international norms before mobilizing them to the consumers.Item GRADIENT REMEDIABILITY IN LINEAR DISTRIBUTED PARABOLIC SYSTEMS ANALYSIS, APPROXIMATIONS AND SIMULATIONS(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-09-01) Rekkab, S.; Benhadid, S.The aim of this paper is the introduction of a new concept that concerned the analysis of a large class of distributed parabolic systems. It is the general concept of gradient remediability. More precisely, we study with respect to the gradient observation, the existence of an input operator (gradient efficient actuators) ensuring the compensation of known or unknown disturbances acting on the considered system. Then, we introduce and we characterize the notions of exact and weak gradient remediability and their relationship with the notions of exact and weak gradient controllability. Main properties concerning the notion of gradient efficient actuators are considered. The minimum energy problem is studies, and we show how to find the optimal control which compensates the disturbance of the system. Approximations and numerical simulations are also presented. ÂItem COMBINING ABILITY AND GENE ACTION ESTIMATES FOR SOME YIELD ATTRIBUTES IN DURUM WHEAT (TRITICUM TURGIDUM L. VAR. DURUM)(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-09-01) Hannachi, A.; Fellahi, Z.; Rabti, B.; Guendouz, A.; Bouzerzour, H.Item MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF Γ GLIADIN FROM DURUM WHEAT (TRITICUM TURGIDUM L. SUBSP. DURUM ((DESF.) HUSN.)(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-09-01) Mzid, R.; Ayadi, M.; Ben Ayed, R.; Menzli, E.; Babay, E.; Hanana, M.The gluten quality is one of the main factors affecting the quality of durum wheat. It depends primarily on its storage proteins composition (glutenins and gliadins). In order to set up and initiate a technological quality improvement program of durum wheat we have conducted a prospection of the different protein sequences of gliadin in different databases for Triticum, then the filtration steps and assembly by appropriate software have been conducted to reduce the number of redundant sequences. On the other hand, we have isolated a gene from Iride "Gli-A1" encoding a γ-gliadin protein associated with gluten strength and viscoelasticity of the dough, we performed an in silico molecular and structural analysis in order to define its putative functional properties. The latter could be a valuable candidate as molecular marker for selecting high nutritive value of durum wheat and/or for genetic improvement of durum wheat quality.Item IMPACT OF DIRECT SEEDING ON SOIL WATER RETENTION IN SEMI-ARID AREA (REGION HIGHLANDS OF WESTERN ALGERIA)(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-09-01) Kouadria, M.; Hassani, A.; Ghezali, D.; Oulbachir, K.This investigation is falls within the framework of conservation agriculture. Indeed, twenty-five years after the first of zero tillage farming experiences, this new method was named crop conservation agriculture because it helps preserve soil nutrients, water absorption enhancing and infiltration and biodiversity by maintaining the natural equilibrium in the soil. The objective of this work is the study of the impact of tillage (conventional work and direct sowing) on water properties of the soil, especially the water-holding capacity of the soil in semi arid zone (case of Tiaret region). According to the results, the comparative analysis between the two types of tillage (direct drilling and conventional tillage) shows that water studied parameters such as moisture equivalent (He), of holding capacity (Cr) wilting point (Pf) and AWR (UK) are higher in the case of direct seeding than in the case of conventional labor ÂItem LIQUID-LIQUID EXTRACTION OF IRON (III) FROM OUENZA IRON ORE LEACH LIQUOR BY TRIBUTYLPHOSPHATE(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-09-01) Nouioua, A.; Barkat, D.The solvent extraction of iron (III) from the hydrochloric acid leach liquor of iron ore from mine of Ouenza, Algeria with tributylphosphate (TBP) in chloroform was studied. The effect of several parameters, such as contact time, HCl concentration, TBP concentration and chloride inorganic salt (KCl) concentration on the efficiency of extraction of iron was examined at 19±2 °C. It was found that, for 2 min 3M TBP in presence of 5M HCl and 2 M of KCl can cause high extraction (98.57 %) of iron (III). The stoichiometry of the extracted species was determined by using the method of slope analysis. The number of moles of H+,  and TBP associated with the extracted species was determined and the extracted species was found to be HFeCl4(TBP)2.Item EFFICIENCY OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT BY A MIXTURE OF SLUDGE AND MICROALGAE(University of Eloued جامعة الوادي, 2017-09-01) Khaldi, H.; Maatoug, M.; Heilmeier, H.; Dellal, A.A combined system using the microalgae from South Africa and the sewage sludge from Algeria has been tested, in order to study the efficiency of wastewater treatment by mixtures of microalgae / activated sludge, five bioreactors were installed with different inoculation rates (microalgae / activated sludge) B1: 100% algae, B2: 90.90%: 9.1%, B3: 83.33%: 16.67%, B4: 50%: 50% and B5: 16.67: 83.33. The best removal percentages were measured as: 76.36% for PO4-P, 94.90% for NO3-N, 90.42% for NH4-N and 65.73% for COD, in the combined system. Except in the case of COD, there were highly significant effects of different inoculations rates on yield. The best results are those of the bioreactor B5. These results suggest that the nutrients in the wastewater can be effectively eliminated by co-cultivation of micro-algae with bacteria (activated sludge).